Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Pharmacy I Year HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I Previous Question Paper (June-2019 - R17)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks.
Part A
Answer all questions. Each question carries marks as indicated.
Classify various cellular transport mechanisms.
Answer
Cellular transport mechanisms are primarily classified into two types: Passive transport (movement along the concentration gradient without energy, e.g., diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion) and Active transport (movement against the concentration gradient requiring ATP, e.g., primary active transport, secondary active transport, and vesicular transport like endocytosis and exocytosis).
Briefly explain the structure of a cell.
Answer
A cell consists of a plasma membrane acting as a selective barrier, the cytoplasm containing cytosol and organelles, and the nucleus which houses genetic material. Key organelles include mitochondria for energy production, ribosomes for protein synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum for transport, and the Golgi apparatus for packaging.
Mention the functions of skin.
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Write a note on accessory organs of skin.
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Write a note on microglia.
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Classify neurons according to their structure and function.
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Define ganglion.
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Mention the functions of tongue.
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Mention the hormones of thyroid gland.
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Write a note on thymus gland.
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Part B
Answer any one full question from each unit.
Explain the following forms of cell signaling; a) Contact-dependent, b) paracrine, c) synaptic and d) endocrine.
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Classify various types of muscle tissues and explain their functions.
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Classify various types of bones and write a note on their function.
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Classify joints and explain the characteristic features of any two types of joints.
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Explain the following terms along with their significance: a) Action potential b) Hyperpolarization c) Refractory period.
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Write a note on central nervous system.
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Explain the structure and functions of parasympathetic nervous system.
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Explain the structure and functions of ear.
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Classify the hormones of adrenal gland and write a note on their physiological functions.
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Write a note on posterior pituitary hormones.
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