JNTU B.Pharmacy II PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (March-2022 - R17)

The Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless quantity used to predict the flow regime of a fluid. It is defined as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces within the fluid.

Where D is the pipe diameter, v is the fluid velocity, ρ is the fluid density, and μ is the dynamic viscosity.

Its significance lies in determining whether the flow is laminar (Re < 2100), transitional (2100 < Re < 4000), or turbulent (Re > 4000). This is critical in pharmaceutical engineering for designing heat exchangers, piping systems, and selecting pumps, as it dictates the friction factor and heat transfer coefficients.

Bernoulli's theorem states that for an incompressible, non-viscous, steady flow of fluid, the sum of pressure energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy per unit weight remains constant along a streamline.

Where P is pressure, v is velocity, z is elevation, ρ is density, and g is acceleration due to gravity.

Its applications include: 1) Measuring fluid flow rates using devices like Venturi meters and orifice meters. 2) Calculating pressure drops in pharmaceutical piping networks. 3) Determining the power requirements for pumps and blowers in processing plants.