JNTU
JNTU B.Pharmacy II Year PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY-I Previous Question Paper (March - 2024 - R17)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
Enlist the various sources of crude drug with example.
Answer
Crude drugs are obtained from the following natural sources:
- Plant source: Entire plants or parts of plants, such as Datura leaves or Cinchona bark.
- Animal source: Products obtained from animals, such as Honey or Cod liver oil.
- Mineral source: Inorganic substances, such as Bentonite or Kaolin.
- Marine source: Organisms derived from the sea, such as Agar or Alginates.
- Microbial source: Products derived from microorganisms, such as Penicillin from Penicillium chrysogenum.
Define stomatal index and palisade ratio.
Answer
Stomatal Index is defined as the percentage proportion of the number of stomata to the total number of epidermal cells, calculated by the formula:
Palisade Ratio is defined as the average number of palisade cells beneath each epidermal cell, determined by counting the palisade cells under a continuous group of four epidermal cells in a leaf surface preparation.
Enumerate the different drying techniques for crude drugs.
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Define the terms “Autoploidy” and “Alloploidy”.
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What is biotransformation? Give example.
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Write any two applications of protoplast fusion.
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What are five elements in Traditional Chinese medicine?
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Write the Gold beater skin test.
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What are hallucinogens? Give example.
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Explain the preparation of Castor oil.
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Part B
Write in detail about the chemical and pharmacological classification of crude drugs.
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Write a note on adulteration of crude drugs.
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Explain the lycopodium spore method.
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Describe the various methods of cultivation with their advantage and disadvantages.
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Write a note on precautions to be taken during drying of crude drugs.
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Write a note on importance of conservation of medicinal plants describing the advantage and disadvantages of different methods.
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Explain the factors affecting the plant tissue culture.
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Write a note on nutritional requirements for plant tissue culture.
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Discuss the role of various hormones in plant tissue culture.
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Write the applications of plant tissue culture in pharmacognosy.
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Define alkaloids. Write the chemical classification, chemical properties of alkaloids.
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Write the general tests for flavonoids.
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Compare the basic principle of Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine.
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Write the pharmacognosy of Gelatine with its identification tests.
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Write a note on natural allergens with suitable examples.
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Write the source, method of preparation and uses of Urokinase.
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