JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTION AND CONTROL Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R15)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks.
Part A
What are the sources of pollutants from C.I.engine?
Answer
The primary sources of pollutants from C.I. engines are the exhaust gases, which contain nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and unburnt hydrocarbons (HC). Additionally, crankcase blowby and evaporative emissions from the fuel system contribute to the overall pollutant output.
What is meant by crankcase blowby?
Answer
Crankcase blowby refers to the leakage of combustion gases, including fuel vapor and air, past the piston rings from the combustion chamber into the crankcase during the compression and power strokes. These gases contain unburnt hydrocarbons and must be managed to prevent oil contamination and atmospheric pollution.
What are the causes of unburnt Hydro-carbons?
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What is the effect of evaporative emissions in S.I.engine?
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What is the exhaust gas composition in C.I. engine?
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What is the importance of exhaust gas recirculation?
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How the percentage of O2 is found in orsat apparatus?
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How the particulate presence can be found?
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What is the effect of diesel knock?
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What is the difference between LPG and CNG?
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Part B
What is the effect of regular maintenance on pollution in I.C Engines?
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What are the various sources of pollutants from gasoline engine and explain about evaporation effects from tank and carburettor?
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What are the effects of Air-fuel ratio and spark-advancement on NOX formation in S.I. engine?
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How the Ammonia and amines are formed in I.C. engines and mention their effects on the atmosphere?
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What are the various methods developed in controlling the pollutants of CO, NOX and UBHC formed in the exhaust gases of I.C.engine?
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What are the sources of evaporative emissions in S.I engines and explain the methods to control the emissions?
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What are the effects of air-inlet temperature and coolant temperatures on the emissions from S.I. engine.
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Sketch and explain the construction and working of catalytic converter.
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What are the advantages and effects of direct injection of gasoline in the S.I. engine and explain its effect on the exhaust emission?
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What are effects of installation of catalysts in the exhaust gas lines?
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What are various post-combustion treatments be performed to reduce the effect of pollution?
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What are the causes of formation of particulates in diesel engines and explain the methods to avoid the formation of particulates?
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What are the advantages and limitations of full-flow and partial flow measuring of particulates present in diesel engine emission?
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What are the various methods used in the particulate measurement and explain about working of dilution tunnels?
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How the presence of CO, CO2, NOX, water and nitrogen present in the exhaust gases can be found by FED (Flame Ionisation detector)?
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Sketch and explain the construction and working of ORSAT apparatus to find the constituents in the exhaust gas.
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What are the various factors responsible for Diesel knock and mention its effects?
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Why hydrogen is not used as fuel in I.C. engines?
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Describe the properties and advantages of vegetable oils and Bio-Diesel fuels.
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How to reduce the costs by introducing the diesel traps and catalysts in I.C. engines.
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