JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech I Year ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY Previous Question Paper (March/April - 2023 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
Define Hardness and write its different units.
Answer
Hardness is defined as the characteristic property of water that prevents the lathering of soap, caused by the presence of dissolved calcium and magnesium salts (bicarbonates, chlorides, and sulfates). The standard units used to express hardness are parts per million (ppm), milligrams per liter (mg/L), and degrees French (°Fr) or degrees Clark (°Cl).
Discuss advantages of disinfection of potable water by ozone.
Answer
Ozonation is a highly effective method for disinfecting potable water, offering several distinct advantages:
- Superior Oxidizing Power: Ozone is a much stronger oxidizing agent than chlorine, allowing it to destroy bacteria, viruses, and cysts more rapidly and effectively, even at lower concentrations.
- No Harmful By-products: Unlike chlorination, which can produce toxic trihalomethanes (THMs) when reacting with organic matter, ozone leaves no harmful chemical residues in the treated water.
- Improvement of Organoleptic Properties: Ozone effectively removes unpleasant tastes, odors, and colors from the water by oxidizing organic contaminants, resulting in high-quality, aesthetically pleasing drinking water.
What is the significance of electrochemical series? State it’s applications.
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Write chemical reactions involved in Ni-Cd cell during charging.
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Define degree of polymerisation and functionality.
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Write the synthesis of Nylon-6, 6.
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What is octane and cetane number?
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How to remove water and sulphur from crude oil.
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Define Refractoriness.
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Give classification of composites.
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Part B
What is desalination? Describe the Reverse Osmosis process for softening of hard water.
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How to estimate fluorine in water by ion-selective method.
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Calculate the temporary, permanent and total hardness of the water, containing MgCl2=9.5 mg/L; Ca(HCO3)2=16.2 mg/L and CaSO4=13.6 mg/L.
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What are the specifications of portable water? Explain sedimentation with coagulation using suitable equations.
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Define fuel cells and describe the construction and working of Methanol-O2 fuel cell.
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What is a battery? Explain the construction and functioning of dry cell.
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Explain the working principle of glass electrode.
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What is Concentration cell? Explain with example.
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Define polymer and write the free radical addition polymerization mechanism of Olefins.
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Explain the importance of compounding of plastics.
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Give the classification of polymers with suitable examples.
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Discuss the synthesis, properties and applications of Fibre reinforced plastics.
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Calculate the gross and net Calorific value of coal sample having the following composition. C=83%, H=6%, O=3.5%, S=3.5%, N=3.5% and ash 4.0%.
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How is carbon and hydrogen determined in a solid fuel?
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Give the composition and uses of natural gas, LPG and CNG.
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What is cracking? Explain moving bed catalytic cracking process.
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What are the characterstics of good lubricants and give their significance.
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What is Portland Cement? Write the chemical reactions involved in setting and hardening of Cement.
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What are lubricants? Discuss mechanism of Thin film Lubrication.
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Discuss the differences between the acidic, basic and neutral refractories with suitable examples.
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