JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY Previous Question Paper (September/October - 2023 - R15)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
PART - A
Define hydraulic jump.
Answer
A hydraulic jump is the sudden rise of water level that occurs when liquid at a high velocity (supercritical flow) discharges into a zone of lower velocity (subcritical flow), resulting in a turbulent transition and significant energy dissipation.
Compare uniform and non-uniform flow.
Answer
Uniform flow occurs when the velocity, depth, and cross-section of the fluid remain constant with respect to distance along the direction of flow. In non-uniform flow, the velocity and depth change from one section to another along the flow path.
Define model and prototype.
Answer
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List any three uses of dimensional analysis.
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Define angular momentum principle.
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Draw inlet and outlet velocity triangles.
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Write the uses of draft tube.
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Draw Pelton wheel and list out components.
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Define load factor.
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Classify hydropower plants.
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PART - B
Explain briefly the following: a) Uniform and Non-Uniform flows b) Laminar and turbulent flows c) Steady and unsteady flows d) Subcritical and Supercritical flows.
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State the following formulae for the values of C: i) Bazin’s formula, ii) Kutter’s formula iii) Manning’s formula.
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What do you mean by ‘Most-economical section’ of an open channel? How is it determined?
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Describe Buckingham’s method or π-theorem to formulate a dimensionally homogeneous equation between the various physical quantities effecting a certain phenomenon.
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The performance of a spillway of an irrigation project is to be studied by means of a model constructed to a scale of 1: 9, neglecting the viscous and surface tension effects, determine: (a) Rate of flow in model for a prototype discharge of 1200 m³/s; (b) The dissipation of energy in the prototype hydraulic jump, if the jump in the model dissipates 0.25 kW.
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A jet of water having a velocity of 45 m/s impinges without shock on a series of vanes moving at 15 m/s. The direction of motion of the vanes is inclined at 20° to that of jet. The relative velocity at outlet is 0.9 of that at inlet, and absolute velocity of water at exit is normal to the motion of vanes. Find: (a) Vane angles at inlet and outlet, (b) Work done on vanes per N (newton) of water supplied by the jet, and (c) Hydraulic efficiency.
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Show that the force exerted by a jet of water on moving inclined plate in the direction of jet is given by the above formula where, a = Area of jet, V = Velocity of the jet, and θ = Inclination of the plate with the jet.
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Derive an expression for hydraulic efficiency of a Pelton wheel.
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What is governing and how it is accomplished for different types of water turbines?
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A turbine is to operate under a head of 25m at 200 r.p.m. The discharge is 9 m³/s. If the efficiency is 90 percent determine the performance of the turbine under a head of 20m.
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Define the terms Static head, Manometric head, and Total head.
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How are small and large centrifugal pumps primed?
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A centrifugal pump working in a dock pump 1565 litres per second against a mean lift of 6.1m when the impeller rotates at 200 r.p.m. The impeller diameter is 1.22m and the area at outer periphery is 6450 cm². If the vanes are set back at an angle of 26° at the outlet determine (a) Hydraulic efficiency, (b) Power required to drive the pump, and (c) Minimum speed to start pumping if the ratio of external to internal diameter is 2.
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