Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Tech III RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Previous Question Paper (October - 2020 - R16)

Renewable energy systems are classified based on the primary source of energy harnessed:

• Solar Energy Systems: Utilize photovoltaic (PV) cells to convert sunlight directly into electricity or solar thermal collectors to capture heat for water heating and power generation.
• Wind Energy Systems: Use wind turbines to convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy, which then drives a generator to produce electricity. These can be onshore or offshore.
• Hydropower Systems: Harness the potential energy of flowing or falling water, typically through dams or run-of-river installations, to rotate turbines connected to generators.
• Biomass Energy Systems: Convert organic materials (wood, agricultural waste, animal dung) into energy through combustion, gasification, or anaerobic digestion to produce heat, electricity, or biofuels.
• Geothermal Energy Systems: Extract heat from the Earth's interior, usually in the form of steam or hot water, to drive turbines for electricity generation or for direct heating applications.
• Ocean Energy Systems: Capture energy from the ocean via tidal currents, wave motion, or Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), which exploits the temperature difference between deep cold water and warm surface water.