JNTU B.Tech III WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (August/September - 2024 - R16)

Explain “Hydrological cycle” with neat sketch.

Write short note on “Evaporation losses from reservoir.”

Distinguish between runoff and stream flow.

Enumerate the types of synthetic hydrographs.

Define hydraulic conductivity of an aquifer and state its units.

Distinguish between specific capacities of a well on the specific yield of an aquifer.

Derive the relation between duty and delta.

Explain the salient features of the sprinkler irrigation system.

Differentiate between contour canal and ridge canal.

What are the limitations of Rational Method?

How to determine statically the optimum number of rain gauges required to be installed in a given catchment?

Determine optimum number of rain gauges in catchment area from following data. No. of existing rain gauge = 7. Mean annual rain fall at the gauges are 1010, 980, 900, 870, 850, 800, 700 mm. Permissible error = 8 %.

Describe briefly the various measures to reduce loss of water due to evaporation in reservoir.

List and explain various factors effecting Runoff.

Elaborate components of hydrograph also explain in detail about the characteristics of streams.

For a catchment area of 230 km² the discharge in stream is given below. Calculate unit hydrograph ordinates and rainfall excess.

What is a dimensionless unit hydrograph? How is it useful in constructing a synthetic unit hydrograph of a basin?

Using the characteristics given below, develop two hours unit hydrograph for a basin having the water shed area of 400 km², the length of the main stream from the basin outlet to the point of string which is nearest to the centroid of basin is 25 km. The coefficient Cp=0.576 and Ct=1.257.

How transmissivity and storage coefficient affect well performance?

A 30 cm diameter well completely penetrates an unconfined aquifer of saturated depth 40 m. After a long period of pumping at a steady rate of 1500 lpm, the drawdown in two observation wells are located at 25 m and 75 m from the pumping well were found to be 3.5 m and 2 m respectively. Determine the transmissibility of the aquifer.

On the basis of occurrence and field situation, how aquifers are classified in general? With relevant sketches explain in detail the features of such aquifers.

A field test for permeability consists in observing the required for a tracer to travel between two observation wells. A tracer was found to take 10 hour travel between two wells 50 m apart when the difference in the water surface elevation in them was 0.5 m. The mean particle size of aquifer is 2 mm and the porosity of the medium is 0.3. If kinematic viscosity is 0.01cm²/s. Estimate the co efficient of permeability and intrinsic permeability of the aquifer.

Explain the terms : (i) field capacity (ii) permanent wilting point (iii) ultimate wilting point (iv) available moisture.

The GCA for an irrigation canal is 20,000 hectares out of which 75% is CCA. The intensity of irrigation is 40% for rabi and 10% for rice. If kor period is 4 weeks for Rabi and 2.5 weeks for rice, determine the outlet discharge, outlet factors for Rabi and rice may be assumed as 1800 ha/cumec and 800 ha/cumec. Also calculate delta for each case.

What is consumptive use of water? Describe any one method in detail.

A certain crop is grown in an area of 4000 hectares which is fed by a canal system. The data pertaining to irrigation are: Field capacity of soil = 25%; Optimum moisture = 12%; Permanent wilting point = 10%; Effective depth of root zone = 80cm; Relative density of soil = 1.4. If the frequency of irrigation is 10 days and overall efficiency is 23%, find (i) the daily consumptive use (ii) the water discharge in m³/sec required in the canal.

Present a detailed comparison between Kennedy’s and Lacey’s Theories.

Design a channel for discharge of 50 cumecs in non-alluvial soil having maximum permissible velocity of 0.9 m/sec. The available bed slope is 1 in 4000. Assume Manning’s N = 0.025.

Discuss causes of water logging. What are the remedial measures for it?

Present a detailed classification of canals and explain the importance of balancing depth in canal construction.