JNTU
JNTU B.Tech III WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R16)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit.
Part A
How do you process the rainfall data? Explain the procedure involved in it.
Answer
Processing rainfall data involves checking for consistency and completeness. The procedure includes: 1) Checking for missing data using methods like arithmetic mean or normal ratio method; 2) Testing for consistency using the double-mass curve technique; and 3) Adjusting the data if any inconsistency is detected due to changes in gauge location or exposure.
What are the factors affecting runoff over a catchment.
Answer
Factors affecting runoff include: 1) Meteorological factors such as precipitation intensity, duration, and distribution; 2) Physical catchment characteristics including land use, soil type, topography, and drainage density; and 3) Antecedent moisture conditions of the soil.
State how S-curve is constructed and when it is adopted.
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Enumerate various methods used for estimating flood discharge from a catchment.
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State the significance of well development towards groundwater occurrence.
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Define the term: Well Efficiency, Porosity and specific yield.
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List out the various ill-effects of irrigation.
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Develop the relation between depth and frequency of irrigation.
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Enumerate the drawbacks of Kennedy’s theory of design of canals.
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Show the components of balancing depth of cutting.
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Part B
Explain the procedure involved in the computation of average rainfall over a basin with suitable example.
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The infiltration capacity of an area at different intervals of time are indicated below. Find an equation for the infiltration capacity in the exponential form.
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Explain in detail the various constituents of runoff.
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Discuss in brief the Pan Measurement method and Energy Budget method of measurement of evaporation.
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The following are the ordinates of a 3hr unit hydrograph. Derive the ordinates of a 6hr unit hydrograph and plot the same.
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Define and explain briefly concept of a unit hydrograph.
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The peak of a flood hydrograph due to a 6hour storm is 675cumecs. The average depth of rainfall is 9.75cm. Assume an infiltration loss of 0.75cm/hr and a constant base flow of 20cumecs. Estimate the peak discharge of a 6hr unit hydrograph for the catchment.
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With a neat sketch, explain any two types of wells adopted in groundwater analysis.
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Two identical tube wells fully penetrating a 25m thick aquifer are located at 160m apart. The tube wells have diameter of 45cm, radius of influence of 390m and the coefficient of permeability of aquifer is 10^-3 m/sec. Compute discharge of tube well when only one is working with a drawdown of 9.5m and percentage decrease in discharge of the well, if both are working with a drawdown of 6.5m.
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Explain different types of aquifers with neat sketch.
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Derive the equation to determine the radial flow to wells in an unconfined aquifer.
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Discuss in detail different water application methods along with advantages and disadvantages of each method.
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A volume of 475 Mm^3 of storage was able to irrigate a land of 40,000 hectares. The crop season is estimated to be 120 days. Estimate the duty of the crop.
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What is meant by “duty of water”? Also enumerate the vertical distribution of soil moisture highlighting the soil moisture constants.
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Discuss in brief the factors responsible for improving the soil fertility.
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Derive the Perimeter-Discharge relation, V-Q-f relation of Lacey’s theory.
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How do you control the weed growth in canals? Explain.
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Design an irrigation channel in alluvial soil according to Lacey’s theory with full supply discharge as 15cumecs, f = 1.0, channel side slopes as 1.5:1.
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Derive an expression for balancing depth.
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