JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV AIR POLLUTION AND CONTROL Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R15)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
Part A
What are primary air pollutants? Give two examples.
Answer
Primary air pollutants are substances emitted directly into the atmosphere from identifiable sources in a harmful form. Examples include carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Differentiate point sources and area sources of air pollutants.
Answer
Point sources are stationary, identifiable locations where pollutants are discharged from a specific outlet, such as a factory smokestack. Area sources are diffuse, non-point sources where emissions originate from a broad geographic region, such as residential heating, agricultural activities, or construction sites.
Explain the causes of inversion of atmosphere.
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If the temperature of the atmosphere is 16°C at 40 m, what type of plume would you expect if the stack was 20 m tall and 35 m tall?
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What are the main principles of pollution abatement?
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What are the advantages of using collectors in series?
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What are the sources of odour?
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Explain NOx emissions do occur even if the fuel does not contain nitrogen.
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What is a sample train?
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Write a short note on dry gas meters.
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Part B
Define air pollution and differentiate between natural and anthropogenic air pollution.
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What are the effects of acid rain on soil micronutrients and aquatic ecosystems?
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Discuss the photo chemistry of ozone in the upper atmosphere using the pertinent chemical reactions. Discuss the hypothesized effect of chlorofluorocarbons on these reactions.
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What are the various instruments used for meteorological parameters? Illustrate their working principles with sketches.
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It is proposed to establish a 750 MW power plant using 4% S coal and 32564 kJ/kg heat content. The plant emits SO2 at 64860 kg/d from an effective stack height of 250 m. Estimate the ground level concentration of SO2 at a downward distance of 4 km, if the wind speed at 10 m height is 3.5 m/s on a cloudy summer day. Take σy as 359 m and σz as 216 m at 4 km distance from the stack.
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What are the methods available to control air pollution by equipment modification? Illustrate with examples.
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Enumerate the factors dependent upon the collection efficiency of a cyclone separator? How does the efficiency change from conventional to high efficiency cyclones?
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What are the different techniques employed to change the NOx emissions without using any additional chemical reactants?
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What is meant by “in plant control of pollutants”? Explain with the help of examples.
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What are the devices used for sampling gases and vapours? Describe any one in detail.
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Explain the following:
Gravimetric method of analysis
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Volumetric method of analysis.
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