JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech I Year BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (September/October - 2021 - R18)

To determine the current supplied by the 10V battery in a resistive network, we apply Kirchhoff's Laws or Network Reduction Techniques. Since the specific circuit diagram is not provided, the general procedure to solve for the source current is as follows:

• Identify the equivalent resistance: Simplify the network by identifying series and parallel combinations of resistors relative to the 10V source.
• Apply Ohm's Law: Once the total equivalent resistance (R_eq) seen by the battery is determined, the current (I) supplied by the source is calculated using:
  I = V / R_eq
• Nodal or Mesh Analysis: If the network is complex (e.g., contains bridge circuits or multiple loops), assign node voltages or mesh currents. For nodal analysis, apply Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) at each principal node:
  Σ I_entering = Σ I_leaving
• Solving Equations: Solve the resulting system of linear equations to find the current flowing out of the 10V terminal.

Note: If the circuit contains dependent sources, ensure they are expressed in terms of the independent variables within the circuit equations before solving.

To determine the current through the 5Ω resistor using Norton's Theorem, we replace the linear active network connected to the 5Ω resistor with an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source I_N in parallel with a Norton resistance R_N.

Step 1: Determine Norton Resistance (R_N)

• Remove the 5Ω load resistor from the circuit.
• Deactivate all independent sources: replace voltage sources with short circuits and current sources with open circuits.
• Calculate the equivalent resistance looking into the open terminals (a, b). This value is R_N.

Step 2: Determine Norton Current (I_N)

• Short-circuit the terminals (a, b) where the 5Ω resistor was previously connected.
• Calculate the current flowing through this short circuit using nodal analysis, mesh analysis, or source transformation. This current is I_N.

Step 3: Calculate Load Current (I_L)

• Reconnect the 5Ω load resistor in parallel with the Norton equivalent source.
• Apply the Current Divider Rule to find the current flowing through the 5Ω resistor:

Where R_L = 5Ω. By substituting the calculated values of I_N and R_N into the equation above, the final current flowing through the 5Ω resistor is obtained.