JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Previous Question Paper (December - 2018 - R13)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
PART-A
How does the ecosystem function?
Answer
An ecosystem functions through two main processes: the flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients. Energy enters the system from the sun, flows through trophic levels via food chains and webs, and is eventually lost as heat. Simultaneously, essential nutrients are recycled between the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of the environment.
What is bioaccumulation? Mention its demerits.
Answer
Bioaccumulation is the gradual accumulation of substances, such as pesticides or heavy metals, in an organism's body over time because the rate of intake exceeds the rate of excretion or metabolic breakdown. Its demerits include toxicity to the organism, reproductive failure, disruption of endocrine systems, and biomagnification, where toxic concentrations increase as they move up the food chain.
Define human development index.
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What are the sources of pollution for surface water and ground water? Suggest few ways to reduce the pollutant levels.
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What is meant by genetic diversity?
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Define hotspots of bio-diversity. Give examples.
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What are the chemicals that cause ozone layer depletion?
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What are primary and secondary air pollutants? Give examples for each.
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Suggest the ways to handle and safe disposal of biomedical wastes from hospital.
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What is meant by ecological footprint? Mention its value for an individual at the global level.
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PART-B
Describe the role of water cycle and carbon cycle in affecting the energy flow in the ecosystem.
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Explain the various components of terrestrial food pyramid and aquatic food pyramid.
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Discuss the environmental impacts of building the water reservoirs and dams.
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Discuss the significant factors that cause flooding and drought.
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Explain the principle involved in the generation of electricity using solar energy. What are the drawbacks of solar energy?
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Discuss the consumptive use value and productive use value of forest ecosystem in bio-diversity.
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Explain the reasons for habitat loss and man-wildlife conflicts within the ecosystem. Suggest the ways to reduce the effect.
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Describe the source, ill effects and control measures for the following classes of water pollutants: a) disease causing agents and b) oxygen depleting agents.
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Identify the sources, characteristics and environmental impacts of e-waste. Suggest the measures to be taken against the detrimental effects of electronic wastes.
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Explain the role of individuals to prevent domestic level water pollution.
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Discuss the regulations and guidelines framed in the water pollution control act.
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Enumerate the factors that contribute for population explosion.
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Describe the methods adopted to ensure low carbon life style in our day-to-day activities.
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