JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III Year II Semester INTRODUCTION TO ANALYTICS (ASSOCIATE ANALYTICS I) Previous Question Paper (January/February - 2021 - R16)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
Explain about the various Data types used in R.
Answer
In R, data types are fundamental to how information is stored and manipulated. R provides several basic data types, often referred to as atomic vectors, which form the building blocks for more complex data structures.
- Numeric: This is the default data type for numbers in R. It represents real numbers, including those with decimal points. Even integers are often stored as numeric by default.
- Integer: Used for whole numbers. To explicitly define an integer in R, the suffix 'L' must be appended to the number.
- Character: Used to store text or string values. These are defined by enclosing the content within double quotes (") or single quotes (').
- Logical: Represents boolean values, which are essential for conditional logic and filtering. The only possible values are TRUE, FALSE, or NA (for missing values).
- Complex: Used to represent complex numbers with an imaginary part, denoted by the 'i' suffix.
- Raw: Used to hold raw bytes of data. This is typically used for low-level data manipulation and file processing.
R also supports specialized data structures built upon these types, such as Vectors (homogeneous collection), Lists (heterogeneous collection), Matrices (2D homogeneous), Arrays (multi-dimensional homogeneous), and Data Frames (tabular data with potentially different types per column).
How time management helps for improvement of a business.
Answer
- Increased Productivity: By eliminating time-wasting activities and focusing on high-value tasks, employees can accomplish more in less time, directly increasing the output per labor hour.
- Improved Decision Making: When time is managed effectively, managers have the necessary space to analyze data and market trends rather than reacting impulsively to crises, leading to more strategic and informed business decisions.
- Enhanced Customer Satisfaction: Meeting project deadlines and service level agreements (SLAs) consistently builds trust and reliability, which are critical for client retention and brand reputation.
- Cost Reduction: Efficient time usage minimizes overtime costs and reduces the waste associated with project delays or rework, thereby improving the overall profit margin.
- Strategic Alignment: It ensures that the team's daily efforts are synchronized with the long-term organizational goals, preventing the drift toward non-essential activities that do not contribute to the bottom line.
Explain work prioritization.
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Explain central limit theorem.
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Give an account on probability distribution.
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With an example case study explain the importance of team work.
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Write the steps and explain the steps to connect R to NOSQL with an example.
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For university student database, read the R database and write it to a file using data frames.
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Describe with an example ANOVA.
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Give an account on data collection strategies for analysis. List each of its importance and demerits.
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