Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Tech IV CLOUD COMPUTING Previous Question Paper (February/March - 2022 - R18)

Mobile Computing is a technology that allows transmission of data, voice, and video via a computer or any other wireless-enabled device without having to be connected to a fixed physical link. It relies on mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software to provide computing capabilities while the user is in motion.

Key characteristics include:

• Mobility: Users can access resources and services regardless of their physical location.
• Connectivity: Continuous network availability through cellular networks (4G/5G), Wi-Fi, or satellite links.
• Portability: The use of compact, battery-powered devices like smartphones, tablets, and wearable technology.
• Context Awareness: The ability to adapt services based on the user's location, time, or environment.

Mobile computing is foundational to modern cloud services, enabling ubiquitous access to cloud-hosted applications and data storage.

Cluster Computing involves a set of loosely or tightly connected computers that work together so that, in many respects, they can be viewed as a single system. These individual computers, known as nodes, are connected through a high-speed local area network (LAN).

Key components and concepts include:

• Nodes: Independent servers or workstations that perform computational tasks.
• Interconnects: High-bandwidth, low-latency networks that facilitate communication between nodes.
• Middleware: Software layers that manage resource allocation, task scheduling, and fault tolerance across the cluster.
• Load Balancing: Distributing the workload evenly across all nodes to optimize performance and prevent bottlenecks.

Clusters are primarily used for high-performance computing (HPC), parallel processing, and high availability. By aggregating the processing power of multiple machines, cluster computing allows for the execution of complex tasks that would be impossible for a single system to handle, while also providing redundancy; if one node fails, others can take over its workload.