JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV Year BASICS OF VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION Previous Question Paper (September - 2022 - R18)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
Differentiate virtual instruments and traditional instruments.
Answer
| Feature | Traditional Instruments | Virtual Instruments (VI) |
|---|---|---|
| Architecture | Hardware-centric; functionality is fixed by the manufacturer. | Software-centric; functionality is defined by the user. |
| Flexibility | Limited; requires new hardware for new measurements. | High; software updates allow for new measurement capabilities. |
| User Interface | Fixed knobs, dials, and small LCD screens. | Customizable GUI using PCs, monitors, and touchscreens. |
| Data Processing | Limited internal processing power. | Leverages the full computational power of a PC. |
| Cost | High per-instrument cost. | Lower cost due to modular hardware and software reuse. |
Explain briefly historical prospective of virtual Instrument.
Answer
The evolution of Virtual Instrumentation (VI) is closely tied to the advancement of personal computing and data acquisition technology:
- 1970s - The Era of GPIB: The foundation was laid with the development of the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) by Hewlett-Packard, allowing computers to control standalone instruments.
- 1980s - The Birth of LabVIEW: National Instruments introduced LabVIEW in 1986, which utilized a graphical programming language (G) to replace text-based coding, making instrumentation accessible to scientists and engineers.
- 1990s - Modular Hardware: The transition from rack-mount instruments to modular hardware standards like VXI and later PXI (PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation) allowed for high-speed, multi-vendor interoperability.
- 2000s to Present - Integration and Connectivity: Modern VI integrates advanced signal processing, FPGA-based hardware, and cloud connectivity, enabling complex automated test systems and real-time monitoring across global networks.
Explain basic architecture of Virtual Instrument and list advantages of Virtual Instrumentation.
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Describe data –flow techniques.
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What are the case and sequence structures supported by Lab VIEW? And explain them.
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How can you create clusters controls and indicators? Explain.
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How can you create file I/O and string controls using VIs? Explain them.
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Describe instrument drivers related to VI.
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What is PCMCIA? Draw its Triggering architecture and mention its features.
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Explain about Ethernet control of PXI.
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What is VISA? Explain the advantages of VISA.
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Explain about data acquisition hardware.
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How can you publish the measurement data in web? Explain.
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Explain the use of virtual Instrument in Embedded controller?
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Discuss about Distributed I/O Modules of VI.
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Write a short note on Digital Signal Processing tool kits in VI.
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