JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II SIGNALS AND STOCHASTIC PROCESS Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R16)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
PART A
Is the system described by the equation y(t) = x(2t) time invariant or not? Why?
Answer
The system y(t) = x(2t) is time-variant. A system is time-invariant only if a time shift in the input results in an identical time shift in the output. For this system, the output for a shifted input x(t-t0) is x(2t-t0), whereas shifting the output y(t) by t0 yields x(2(t-t0)) = x(2t-2t0). Since x(2t-t0) ≠ x(2t-2t0), the system is time-variant.
Give the relation between bandwidth and Rise time of a signal.
Answer
The relationship between the bandwidth (BW) and rise time (t_r) of a signal is given by the product of the two, which is approximately constant. For a typical low-pass system, this is expressed as:
where the bandwidth is measured in Hertz and rise time is the time taken for the signal to transition from 10% to 90% of its final value.
What are the effects of aliasing and how can you minimize the aliasing error?
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Distinguish between series and transform in the Fourier Representation of a signal.
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Let X(s) = L{x(t)}, determine the initial value, x(0) and the final value x(∞), for the following signal using initial value and final value theorems.
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How the stability of a system can be found in Z-Transform and what is the condition for causality in terms of Z-Transform.
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Prove that R_xy(τ) = R_yx(-τ).
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If the customers arrive at a bank according to a Poisson process with mean rate 2 per minute, find the probability that during a 1-minute interval no customer arrives.
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Prove that the power spectral density of a real random process is an even function.
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Find the auto correlation function, whose spectral density is:
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PART B
Prove that the set sin(mω₀t) and sin(nω₀t) are orthogonal for m ≠ n, where m=0,1,2... and n=0,1,2... over (t₀, t₀ + 2π/ω₀).
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Explain the concepts of unit step function and Signum function.
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Explain causality and physical reliability of a system and explain Paley-wiener criterion.
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Consider a stable LTI system characterized by the differential equation: dy(t)/dt + 2y(t) = x(t). Find its impulse response.
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Find the Fourier Transform of the signal x(t) = e^(-at) u(t).
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Define sampling theorem for time limited signal and find the Nyquist rate for the following signals: i) rect(t/300) ii) 10 cos(300πt).
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Derive the expression for trigonometric Fourier series coefficients.
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Determine the exponential form of the Fourier series representation of the signal shown in figure 1.
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By using the power series expression technique, find the inverse Z-Transform of the following X(z) = z / (z² - 3z + 2), |z| < 1.
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Distinguish between the Laplace, Fourier and Z-Transforms.
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Find the Laplace Transform of the periodic, rectangular wave shown in figure 2.
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Find the Laplace Transform of following functions: i) Exponential function ii) Unit step function.
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Explain the characteristics of a first order and strict sense stationary process using relevant expressions.
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State and prove the properties of auto correlation of a random process.
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Find the mean, variance and Root Mean Square value of the process, whose auto correlation function is R_xx(τ) = 25 + 36 / (6.25 + τ²).
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Consider two random processes x(t) = cos(ωt + θ) and y(t) = cos(ωt + φ), where φ = θ - π/2 and θ is uniformly distributed over (0, 2π), verify |R_xy(τ)|² ≤ R_xx(0)R_yy(0).
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Derive the relation between input and output power spectral densities of a linear system.
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The cross power spectrum of real random process x(t) and y(t) is given by S_xy(ω) = a + ib, if |ω| ≤ 1, 0 elsewhere. Find the cross correlation function.
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Consider a random process X(t) = A₀ cos(ω₀t + θ), where A₀ and ω₀ are constants and θ is a uniform random variable in the interval (0, π), find whether X(t) is WSS process.
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Show that S_yy(ω) = |H(ω)|² S_xx(ω), where S_xx(ω) and S_yy(ω) are the power spectral density functions of the input and output respectively and H(ω) is the system transfer function.
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