JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV SCRIPTING LANGUAGES Previous Question Paper (July/August - 2022 - R18)
Answer Any Five Questions. All Questions carry equal marks.
Main
Explain the features of journaling ext3 file system.
Answer
- Journaling Support: The primary feature is the journal, a dedicated area on the disk that logs changes before they are committed to the main file system. This prevents data corruption during unexpected system crashes or power failures.
- Journaling Modes: ext3 offers three distinct modes:
- Journal mode: Both metadata and file data are written to the journal, providing the highest level of integrity but lower performance.
- Ordered mode (default): Only metadata is journaled, but the system ensures data is written to the main disk before the metadata is committed, balancing performance and safety.
- Writeback mode: Only metadata is journaled, offering the best performance but with a higher risk of stale data in files after a crash.
- Backward Compatibility: ext3 is fully compatible with ext2. An ext2 file system can be converted to ext3 without reformatting, and an ext3 file system can be mounted as ext2 if necessary.
- Online File System Growth: It allows for resizing the file system while it is mounted and active, providing flexibility for growing storage requirements.
- HTree Indexing: Uses hashed B-trees for directory indexing, which significantly improves performance for directories containing a large number of files.
Illustrate general usage of Linux kernel.
Answer
- Process Management: The kernel manages the creation, scheduling, and termination of processes. It uses a scheduler to allocate CPU time among multiple running tasks, ensuring multitasking efficiency.
- Memory Management: It tracks the status of physical memory (RAM). The kernel implements virtual memory, allowing processes to access more memory than is physically available by swapping data to disk and managing page tables.
- Device Drivers: The kernel acts as a mediator between hardware devices (like disks, keyboards, and network cards) and user-space applications. It provides a uniform interface so applications do not need to know the specific details of the hardware.
- File System Management: It handles the organization, storage, and retrieval of data on various storage media. It provides a hierarchical structure for files and directories through a Virtual File System (VFS) layer.
- System Calls: The kernel provides an API via system calls, which are the primary mechanism for user-space applications to request services from the kernel, such as opening a file, creating a process, or sending network packets.
- Security and Permissions: It enforces access control lists and user permissions, ensuring that processes can only access resources for which they have authorization.
Discuss the command line tools used to manage users and groups.
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What is the role of access control lists in file security? Explain with examples.
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What is a network? What is the support provided by Linux for networking?
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Demonstrate file transport protocol in Linux.
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Describe the significance of domain naming services.
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List the Linux commands used for providing network information service.
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What is a regular expression? Illustrate the operators and commands of PERL for regular expressions.
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Compare PERL scripting with Linux.
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Discuss the important points to be considered while using inheritance in PERL program.
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Write PERL script to demonstrate data storage and extracting slices from Hashes.
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Demonstrate control flow commands of Tcl.
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Create a simple user interface using Tk widgets – buttons, list box.
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Write Python script to display Pascal’s triangle in its specific format.
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Discuss exception handling in Python with suitable script.
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