JNTU
JNTU B.Tech III INTRODUCTION TO MECHATRONICS Previous Question Paper (October - 2020 - R16)
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
Main
Explain in-detail about CAD/CAM database management system. How manipulation of data is possible.
Answer
A CAD/CAM Database Management System (DBMS) is a specialized software framework designed to store, organize, retrieve, and manage the vast amount of geometric, topological, and manufacturing data generated during the product development cycle. It acts as the central repository that integrates design data from CAD models with manufacturing data from CAM systems, ensuring data consistency, integrity, and accessibility across the engineering workflow.
The primary components and functions of a CAD/CAM DBMS include:
- Data Modeling: Defining the structure of data, such as geometric entities (points, lines, surfaces), assembly hierarchies, and material properties.
- Data Integrity and Security: Implementing access controls and concurrency management to prevent conflicting modifications by multiple engineers working on the same assembly.
- Version Control: Tracking revisions of design files to ensure that manufacturing processes are always linked to the correct, approved version of a part.
- Integration: Facilitating seamless data exchange between heterogeneous systems using neutral file formats like IGES, STEP, or DXF.
Data manipulation within the CAD/CAM environment is achieved through the following mechanisms:
- Geometric Modeling Operations: Users manipulate data through CAD kernels that perform Boolean operations (union, intersection, subtraction) on primitive shapes to create complex geometries.
- Query Languages: Standardized query interfaces allow users to extract specific design parameters or manufacturing constraints from the database for analysis or simulation.
- Parametric Editing: By modifying the underlying mathematical parameters or dimensions, the system automatically updates the associated geometry and downstream manufacturing instructions (like toolpaths) without requiring a complete redesign.
- API and Scripting: Advanced manipulation is performed via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) or macro scripts that automate repetitive tasks, such as batch processing geometry or generating standardized NC code for CNC machines.
Sketch and explain a closed loop control system and highlight the basic elements in it.
Answer
A closed-loop control system, also known as a feedback control system, is a system where the output is monitored and compared with the desired input to maintain the required performance. The system automatically adjusts its operation based on the difference between the actual output and the reference input.
The basic elements are:
- Reference Input: The desired value or setpoint for the system.
- Error Detector (Comparator): Compares the reference input with the feedback signal to produce an error signal.
- Controller: Processes the error signal to generate a control signal for the actuator.
- Actuator/Plant: The physical component or process being controlled that produces the output.
- Sensor (Feedback Element): Measures the actual output and provides a feedback signal to the comparator.
The feedback loop creates a continuous cycle: Input → Comparator → Controller → Actuator → Output → Sensor → Feedback to Comparator.
How signal conditioning plays a vital role in filtering noise using passive components of machines/systems.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Distinguish between electrical and pneumatic actuators. Also list-out their limitations.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What are the various motions and mechanisms existing in mechanical systems? Draw suitable sketches.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Describe the feature of analog and digital sensors for motion measurement? Also give a note on digital transducers.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain the following:
i) Thermal Dissipation
ii) CMOS interfacing.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Discuss in detail the specification of a stepper motor. List out its applications in mechanical systems.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain the basic form of the permanent magnet stepper motor and its speed-torque characteristics.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain with block diagram a microprocessor based digital control system of an automatic door operation.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What are the applications of micro controllers? Give their advantages and limitations also.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
With the help of a block diagram, explain the main components of a Programmable Logic Controller.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
A motor is used to rotate a load. Device a mathematical model and draw the mechanical model and equivalent model for the same.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.