JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III INSTRUMENTATION PRACTICES IN INDUSTRIES Previous Question Paper (January/February - 2023 - R18)

Corrosion is the natural, irreversible electrochemical process by which a refined metal is converted into a more chemically stable form, such as an oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide, through reaction with its environment. It typically involves the oxidation of metal atoms at the anode, releasing electrons, which are then consumed at the cathode by a reduction reaction, leading to the gradual degradation and loss of material properties.

A blast furnace is primarily used in the metallurgical industry for the smelting of iron ores to produce pig iron. Its applications include:

• Iron Production: The primary application is the reduction of iron oxides (such as hematite or magnetite) into liquid iron by reacting them with carbon monoxide derived from coke.
• Slag Generation: It facilitates the separation of gangue materials from the ore, producing slag which is subsequently used in the construction and cement industries.
• Energy Recovery: The byproduct blast furnace gas, which is rich in carbon monoxide, is captured and utilized as a fuel source for heating stoves or generating electricity within the integrated steel plant.