JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV Year VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION Previous Question Paper (July/August - 2022 - R18)
Answer any Five Questions. All Questions Carry Equal Marks.
Main
Explain the architecture of a virtual Instrument with a neat block diagram.
Answer
The architecture consists of three primary layers:
- Physical Layer (Hardware): This includes the sensors, transducers, and signal conditioning circuitry that interface with the physical phenomenon. The Data Acquisition (DAQ) hardware converts analog signals into digital data for processing.
- Driver Layer: This acts as the bridge between the hardware and the software. It provides the necessary API (Application Programming Interface) to communicate with the DAQ hardware, abstracting the low-level register programming.
- Application Software Layer: This is where the user interface and data processing algorithms reside. It includes the Front Panel (user interface) and the Block Diagram (source code/graphical programming logic).
Explain the development of virtual instrument using GUI with necessary diagrams.
Answer
- Front Panel (GUI): This serves as the user interface. It is developed using a palette of controls (inputs like knobs, buttons, sliders) and indicators (outputs like graphs, LEDs, meters). The GUI is designed to mimic the look and feel of a physical instrument, providing the user with an intuitive way to interact with the system.
- Block Diagram (Code): This is the executable portion of the VI. It contains the graphical source code that defines the functionality of the GUI elements. It consists of nodes, terminals, and wires. Data flows from controls to indicators through functions and structures (like loops and case statements) placed on this layer.
The development process follows these steps:
- Requirement Analysis: Defining the measurement or control task.
- GUI Design: Placing controls and indicators on the Front Panel to represent inputs and outputs.
- Data Flow Programming: Connecting terminals in the Block Diagram using wires to establish the logic.
- Debugging and Execution: Using execution highlighting and probes to verify the logic and ensure the data processing meets the requirements.
Write a short note on graphical programming in data flow.
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Explain the advantages of VI’s over traditional instruments.
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Explain the working of FOR and WHILE loops in VI with suitable diagrams.
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Explain the uses of Clusters and Graphs in VI with sketches.
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Explain different elements present in a PC based data acquisition system with help of neat diagram.
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Explain the hardware and software requirements for interfacing timer/counters and DMA cards in PC based instrumentation.
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Draw the schematic of RS 232C and USB bus standards and their features in detail.
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Discuss SCSI, VXI and PXI interface standards and compare their performance.
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What are the various classes of IVI drivers? Explain the IVI Configuration Utility Window with neat sketch.
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Explain the internal structure of VISA with a neat diagram.
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Discuss the steps involved in the development Lab VIEW-based embedded controller.
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Explain about instrument control using RS 232C and IEEE488 with help of neat diagrams.
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Discuss various steps involved in simulation of development of image acquisition and processing.
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Explain in detail about applications of virtual instrumentation in motion control with typical examples.
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