JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II Year PROBABILITY THEORY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESSES Previous Question Paper (May/June - 2019 - R15)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
PART A
When two dice are thrown simultaneously, if X and Y denote the numbers on the first and second respectively, find the probability for X+Y to be greater than or equal to 8.
Answer
When two dice are thrown, there are 6 × 6 = 36 equally likely outcomes. The event X+Y ≥ 8 consists of the following pairs (X, Y):
(2,6), (3,5), (3,6), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6).
Counting these, there are 15 favorable outcomes. The probability is therefore 15/36, which simplifies to 5/12.
A box contains three coins: one is fair, one is two headed and one coin is weighted so that the probability of head is 1/3. A coin is selected at random and tossed. Find the probability for head to appear.
Answer
Let C1, C2, and C3 be the events of selecting the fair coin, the two-headed coin, and the weighted coin respectively. Since the coin is selected at random, the probability of selecting any specific coin is P(C1) = P(C2) = P(C3) = 1/3.
Let H be the event that a head appears. The conditional probabilities are:
Using the law of total probability, the probability of head appearing is:
Thus, the probability of obtaining a head is 11/18.
A random variable X is having a CDF. Find the density of X over (-2, 1) and P(X=1.2).
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The density function of a random variable X is given. Find its CDF.
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A fair coin is tossed three times. Let X denote a '0' or '1' according a head or tail occurs in the first toss and let Y denote the number of heads which occur. Write the joint probability Matrix of X and Y.
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The joint density of two random variables X and Y is given. Find P(Y is even, given X is even).
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State and prove the Periodicity property of Auto correlation function of a periodic WSS process.
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If X(t) and Y(t) are two independent Stationary Processes, find the Auto correlation function of the process Z(t)=2X(t)Y(t).
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Verify that Cross Spectral Density of two Uncorrelated and Stationary Random processes is an impulse function.
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The input to an LTI system with Impulse response h(t)=δ(t)+t2 exp(-at)U(t) is a WSS process with mean of 3. Find the mean of the output of the system.
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PART B
Three machines A, B and C produce 55%, 25% and 20% of the total number of items of a factory. The percentage of defective output of these machines are 3%, 2% and 4%. If an item is selected at random, (i) find the probability that the item is defective (ii) If the selected item is defective, find the probability that the item is produced by Machine B.
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In a single throw of a pair of dice, what is the probability of obtaining the sum of two faces of the dice is equal to at least 10.
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Two different digits are selected at random from the digits 1 to 9. (i) If the sum of the digits is odd, what is the probability that 2 is one of the digits selected? (ii) If 2 is one of the selected digits, what is the probability for the sum to odd.
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A binary communication system transmits a 0 and 1 with equal probabilities. Due to the noise in the channel, a transmitted 1 is received as a 0 with a probability of 1/8 and a transmitted 0 is received as 1 with a probability of 3/4. (i) Find the probability for the transmitted message to be a 1. (ii) If a one is received, find the probability that the transmitted is a 1.
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A discrete random variable is having a density function given by f(x)=0.1δ(x)+0.4δ(x-1)+0.3δ(x-2)+0.2 δ(x-3). Find the density of the random variable Y = -x2+2x+3.
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Verify that Gaussian Density function is a valid density function.
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Find the Mean and Mean square value of Rayleigh Random Variable.
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X is a Gaussian random variable with zero mean and unity variance. Find the density of the random variable Y = X for x ≥ 0, and Y=0 for x < 0.
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Two random variables X and Y have a joint probability density function f(x,y)= (5/16)x2y for 0 < y < x < 2; and zero elsewhere. Check X and Y for independence.
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Let f(x,y) = x + y for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1; and zero elsewhere. Find the density of X, given Y.
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The joint probability mass function of two random variables X and Y is P(x,y)=K(2x+3y) for x=0,1,2; and y=1,2,3. Find the marginal probability distributions of X and Y. Find all the possible conditional probabilities of X.
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If X is a random variable with mean 3 and variance 2, verify that the random variables X and Y=-6X+22 are orthogonal.
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A Random Process X(t)=A.Cos (2πfct) , where A is a Gaussian Random Variable with zero mean and unity variance, is applied to an ideal integrator, that integrates with respect to t, over (0,t). Check the output of the integrator for stationarity.
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In the random Process X(t)=A.CosWt, A is uniform random Variable over (0,1) and W is a constant. Find the Auto correlation function of X(t).
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X(t) is a random process with mean =3 and Autocorrelation function Rxx(τ) =10.[exp(-0.3|τ|)+2]. Find the second central Moment of the random variable Y=X(3)-X(5).
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X(t) is a WSS process and Y(t)=A.Cos(Wct+θ) is a random process which is independent of X(t). Here, θ is a uniform random variable over(-π,π). If the Auto correlation function of X(t) is Rxx(τ), find the Auto correlation of Z(t)=X(t).Y(t).
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Find the Auto correlation and PSD and M.S. Value of the random process, X(t)= m(t). Cos(Wt+Ф), where m(t) is a WSS process and Ф is a uniform random variable over (0,2π), and is independent of m(t).
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A noise process with zero mean and of PSD K is applied to an R-L LPF. Find the Mean Square value of the output Process.
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Let x(t)=Y(t) -Y(t-2) is a random process, where Y(t) is also a stationary random process. It is given Var(X(t))=20.Var(Y(t)). Find RYY(2)/var(X(t)) and also BXX.
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X(t)=A.Sin(wt+θ) is a random process, with θ being a uniform random variable over the interval (-π, π). If Y(t)=(1/2)X(t). Are X(t) and Y(t) are jointly stationary and find Syy.
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