JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III Year ADVANCED OPERATING SYSTEMS Previous Question Paper (March - 2021 - R18)
Answer any five questions
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Main
List Characteristics of distributed operating system.
Answer
A distributed operating system manages a collection of independent, networked, communicating, and physically separate nodes to appear as a single coherent system. Its key characteristics include:
- Resource Sharing: Allows users and processes to access remote hardware (printers, disks) and software resources transparently.
- Transparency: Hides the distributed nature of the system from the user, providing location, migration, replication, and concurrency transparency.
- Scalability: The system can easily be expanded by adding more nodes without significant performance degradation or architectural changes.
- Reliability and Availability: By replicating resources and data, the system continues to function even if individual nodes fail.
- Flexibility: Supports dynamic load balancing and task migration to optimize system performance.
- Concurrency: Multiple processes can execute simultaneously across different nodes, improving throughput.
- Heterogeneity: Capable of managing diverse hardware and software platforms within a unified framework.
Compare message communication model Vs remote procedure call.
Answer
Message communication and Remote Procedure Call (RPC) are both fundamental mechanisms for inter-process communication in distributed systems, but they differ in abstraction and implementation.
| Feature | Message Communication | Remote Procedure Call (RPC) |
|---|---|---|
| Abstraction Level | Low-level; explicit send/receive primitives. | High-level; mimics local function call syntax. |
| Programming Model | Asynchronous or synchronous; requires explicit buffer management. | Synchronous; hides network complexity from the programmer. |
| Data Handling | Data is passed as raw byte streams or messages. | Data is marshaled into parameters and unmarshaled at the destination. |
| Error Handling | Manual handling of network failures and message loss. | Often integrated into the language runtime; may use stubs for error management. |
| Complexity | Higher developer effort to manage state and synchronization. | Lower developer effort due to procedural abstraction. |
Message communication provides direct control over the communication channel, making it suitable for performance-critical or custom protocols. In contrast, RPC provides a familiar interface that allows developers to invoke functions on remote servers as if they were local, significantly simplifying the development of client-server applications at the cost of some performance overhead due to marshaling and stub execution.
Discuss vector clocks and compare with logical clocks.
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Explain Lamport’s algorithm for ensure mutual exclusion in distributed systems.
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Explain about Raymonds Heuristic algorithm.
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Write edge chasing and global state detection algorithms for deadlock detection in distributed operating system.
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Describe about the Hierarchical deadlock detection algorithm.
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Write the design issues in implementing of multi processor system and explain its architecture.
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Explain sender initiated load distributing algorithm in detail.
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