Linux Programming R13 August 2022 Question Paper & Answers - B.Tech IT III-I Sem

115 marks

a

Explain in detail about Process Utilities.

7 marks

Answer

Process utilities are command-line tools used to monitor, manage, and control processes running on a Linux system. Key utilities include:

ps: Displays a snapshot of current processes. Common options include -ef for a full listing or aux for user-oriented output.
top: Provides a dynamic, real-time view of the system, showing CPU usage, memory consumption, and active processes sorted by resource usage.
kill: Sends a signal (default is SIGTERM) to a process identified by its Process ID (PID) to terminate it.
nice and renice: Used to adjust the scheduling priority of a process, influencing how much CPU time it receives.
jobs, fg, and bg: Used for job control in the shell, allowing users to list background tasks, bring them to the foreground, or resume them in the background.
pstree: Displays running processes as a tree structure, illustrating parent-child relationships.

b

Discuss the pipes and Redirection.

8 marks

Answer

Pipes and redirection are fundamental mechanisms for inter-process communication and input/output control in Linux.

Redirection allows a user to change the standard input (stdin), standard output (stdout), or standard error (stderr) of a command. Using operators like

>

(overwrite),

>>

(append), and

<

(input redirection), output can be sent to files instead of the terminal, or input can be read from files instead of the keyboard.

Pipes use the

|

operator to connect the stdout of one command directly to the stdin of another. This enables the creation of complex command chains where the output of a producer process is processed by a consumer process without requiring temporary files. For example,

ls | grep 'txt'

passes the file list to the grep utility to filter for text files. Pipes are essential for modular programming in the shell, allowing simple utilities to be combined to perform sophisticated data processing tasks.

215 marks

a

Explain the following commands: i) PING Command. ii) TRACEROUTE Command.

8 marks