JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Previous Question Paper (August - 2022 - R18)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
Discuss why micro controllers are preferred for embedded systems.
Answer
Microcontrollers are preferred for embedded systems because they integrate essential computing components—CPU, memory (RAM/ROM), and I/O peripherals—onto a single integrated circuit. This high level of integration provides several advantages:
- Cost-Effectiveness: By reducing the number of external components, the overall bill of materials and PCB footprint are significantly minimized.
- Power Efficiency: Microcontrollers are designed for low power consumption, often featuring specialized sleep modes, making them ideal for battery-operated devices.
- Real-Time Performance: They offer deterministic behavior and fast interrupt response times, which are critical for real-time control applications.
- Compact Design: The small physical size allows for integration into space-constrained products like wearables or medical sensors.
- Reliability: Fewer interconnections between chips reduce the probability of hardware failure, enhancing the robustness of the system.
Distinguish between general purpose computing system and embedded system.
Answer
| Feature | General Purpose Computing System | Embedded System |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Designed for a wide range of tasks and general applications. | Designed for a specific, dedicated function. |
| Hardware | Reconfigurable; allows for hardware upgrades (RAM, GPU). | Fixed hardware optimized for a specific task. |
| Software | Runs a complex OS (Windows, Linux) with multiple applications. | Runs dedicated firmware or a lightweight RTOS. |
| Performance | Focuses on high-speed processing and multitasking. | Focuses on real-time constraints and power efficiency. |
| Reliability | System failure is inconvenient but recoverable. | System failure can be critical or catastrophic. |
| Cost | Generally higher cost per unit. | Optimized for low-cost mass production. |
What are the various purposes of embedded systems in detail with an example.
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Classify the quality attributes of embedded systems and explain how to implement them.
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What is Digital Signal Processor? Explain the role of DSP in embedded system design.
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List out the various features in USB communication protocol.
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Write an application program for dancing LED.
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How Watchdog timer works in an embedded system?
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Explain the ‘High Level language’ based ‘Embedded firmware’ development technique.
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What are the similarities and differences between strings and character arrays?
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What are the different types of pre-processor directives available in ‘Embedded C’? Explain them in detail.
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What is an Interrupt? Explain its properties. What is its role in embedded application development?
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Discuss about Multiprocessing and Multitasking techniques used in RTOS.
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Compare threads and processes in detail.
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Explain the firmware embedding process for OS based embedded products.
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What are the different files generated during the cross-compilation of an Embedded C file? Explain them in detail.
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