Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Tech IV Year STORAGE AREA NETWORKS Previous Question Paper (December - 2020 - R15)
Answer any Five Questions. All Questions Carry Equal Marks.
Main
Five core elements are essential for the basic functionality of a data centre. Explain these elements in detail.
Answer
A data centre is a complex facility that relies on five core elements to ensure the reliable storage, processing, and retrieval of data. These elements are as follows:
- Compute System: This refers to the hardware and software components that execute applications and process data. It includes servers, mainframes, and high-performance computing clusters that provide the processing power required for enterprise workloads.
- Storage: This element provides the capacity to store and manage data. It includes various storage technologies such as Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), Solid State Drives (SSDs), and tape drives, organized into storage arrays or systems that provide persistent data retention and accessibility.
- Network: The network infrastructure facilitates communication between the compute systems and storage systems, as well as between the data centre and external users. It consists of switches, routers, firewalls, and cabling (both copper and fiber) that ensure high-speed, reliable data transfer.
- Application: Applications are the software programs that utilize the compute, storage, and network resources to perform business functions. Examples include database management systems, enterprise resource planning (ERP) software, and web servers, which dictate the resource demands placed on the underlying infrastructure.
- Database Management System (DBMS): The DBMS is a specialized software layer that manages the structured storage and retrieval of data. It provides an interface for applications to interact with data, ensuring data integrity, security, and efficient access through query languages like SQL.
These five elements work in an integrated manner to form the foundation of modern IT infrastructure, ensuring that data is available, secure, and performant.
Zone bit recording utilizes the disk efficiently. Substantiate this statement.
Answer
Zone Bit Recording (ZBR) increases disk capacity and efficiency by dividing the disk surface into concentric zones, where each zone contains a different number of sectors per track. In traditional constant angular velocity recording, the outer tracks have the same number of sectors as the inner tracks, leading to wasted space on the outer tracks because they have a larger circumference. ZBR allows the disk controller to pack more sectors into the longer outer tracks and fewer sectors into the shorter inner tracks, maintaining a higher and more consistent data density across the entire platter. This optimization maximizes the total storage capacity of the disk and improves the overall data transfer rate for the outer zones, as more data passes under the read/write head per unit of time.
List the fundamental laws governing disk performance.
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Describe the functionality of intelligent storage system with its architecture.
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Describe how CAS fulfills the need for long-term archiving solutions.
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Explain the strategies to meet recovery point objectives and recovery time objective targets.
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How to implement a fault tolerance system for a data centre to handle single-point of failure? Explain.
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Explain the advantages of LVM based replication over host-based replication.
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Discuss the security threats in application access domain and suggest mechanisms to avoid them.
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