JNTU
JNTU B.Tech IV Year NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (July/August - 2022 - R18)
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
Main
State and explain Bubble Point Curve, and Dew Point Curve, briefly present Dry- and Wet-Gas Phase Behaviors.
Answer
The Bubble Point Curve represents the locus of points where the first bubble of gas is released from a liquid phase as pressure decreases. Conversely, the Dew Point Curve is the locus of points where the first drop of liquid condenses from a gas phase as pressure decreases or temperature changes.
In Dry-Gas behavior, the reservoir temperature remains above the cricondentherm, meaning the gas remains in the gaseous phase throughout production, even as pressure declines. In Wet-Gas behavior, the reservoir temperature is also above the cricondentherm, but the pressure path enters the two-phase region during surface processing, causing liquid condensation (condensate) to form in the separator.
Given the natural gas gravity to air gg = 0.75, the pseudocritical pressure, ppc and temperature, Tpc are 667 psi and 405 R, respectively. If the pressure and temperature are 1,500 psi and 200F, respectively, calculate how many lb of gas can fit in 1,000 ft3 of space. At what pressure increase would the mass increase by 50%, if the temperature remains constant.
Answer
Given: Gg = 0.75, Ppc = 667 psi, Tpc = 405 R, P = 1500 psi, T = 200 F = 660 R, V = 1000 ft3.
1. Calculate Pseudoreduced properties: Pr = 1500/667 = 2.25; Tr = 660/405 = 1.63. Using the Standing-Katz chart, Z ≈ 0.84.
2. Calculate density and mass: ρ = (P * M) / (Z * R * T). M = 28.97 * 0.75 = 21.73 lb/lb-mol. R = 10.73 (psia ft3)/(lb-mol R). ρ = (1500 * 21.73) / (0.84 * 10.73 * 660) = 5.56 lb/ft3. Total mass = 5.56 * 1000 = 5560 lb.
3. For 50% mass increase: New mass = 1.5 * 5560 = 8340 lb. New density = 8.34 lb/ft3. Since ρ = P / (Z * R * T), and assuming Z remains approximately constant for a first iteration, P_new = (ρ_new * Z * R * T) / M = (8.34 * 0.84 * 10.73 * 660) / 21.73 ≈ 2250 psi. The required pressure increase is 2250 - 1500 = 750 psi.
Briefly discuss the Natural Gas Origin-Accumulation and resource of natural gas.
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What is unconventional gas and explain Unique Issues in Natural Gas Exploration.
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Calculate maximum JD, optimum CfD, and indicated fracture geometry (length and width). Apply to two different permeabilities: 1 and 100 md. In this example, ignore the effects of turbulence. What would be the folds of increase between fractured and non-fractured wells?
Drainage area (square) = 4.0E+6 ft2 (equivalent drainage radius for radial flow = 1,130 ft)
Mass of proppant = 200,000 lb
Proppant specific gravity = 2.65
Porosity of proppant = 0.38
Proppant permeability = 220,000 md (20/40 ceramic)
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What is well deliverability, Summarize the determination of well deliverability for gas wells?
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State and demonstrate the overview of hydra fracturing and its applications.
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Discuss Natural gas well performance based on its flow characteristics under different flow regimes.
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Give examples and explain diagrammatically Hub-and-Spoke CNG Distribution Pattern for CNG distribution to N receiving sites.
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Write short on marine compressed natural gas transportation.
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Differentiate between CNG and LNG in related to processes and cargo.
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Illustrate the Marine CNG Transportation required for onshore and offshore facilities for loading and offloading.
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Illustrate the basic GTL technology, and discuss GTL based indirect conversion natural gas with flow chart.
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Describe Mixed Fluid Cascade Process (MFCP) with flow charts in LNG.
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Explain the advantages of fossil fuels and discuss natural gas storage measures.
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