Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Tech II FUELS, FURNACES AND REFRACTORIES Previous Question Paper (December - 2018 - R15)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
Part A
What is fission? Explain with an example.
Answer
Fission is a nuclear process where the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy and neutrons. An example is the bombardment of Uranium-235 with a neutron, resulting in Barium-141, Krypton-92, and three additional neutrons.
Explain about the nuclear chain reaction.
Answer
A nuclear chain reaction occurs when the neutrons released from a fission event trigger further fission in surrounding fissile nuclei. If the number of neutrons produced exceeds those lost, the reaction becomes self-sustaining. In a controlled chain reaction, such as in a nuclear reactor, the rate is managed to produce steady energy, whereas an uncontrolled reaction leads to an explosion.
Define thermal conductivity. Give its importance.
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What is steady state heat transfer? Explain with an example.
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What do you mean by heat balance in a furnace?
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Where do the continuous furnaces used? Explain with an example.
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What are the noble metal thermocouples?
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Explain Seebeck effect.
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What is pyrometric cone equivalent test?
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What are monolithic bricks? Explain with an example.
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Part B
Explain the production of metallurgical coke.
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Explain its composition and properties and uses of producer gas.
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Explain the principles of production of fuels from crude.
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A cylindrical tube of inside radius (r1) and outside radius (r2) is lagged by insulating material with r3 as the outer radius of insulation. Derive the expression for rate of heat flow.
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Derive an expression for heat conduction in a cylindrical coordinate system.
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The inner surface of a nickel-steel cylinder (k=19 w/mK) of inner diameter is 1 cm and outer diameter is 7 cm is maintained at a constant temperature of 1100C, while the outer surface is held at 500C. Calculate the heat lost per meter length of the pipe.
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Derive an expression for heat conduction through anisotropic materials.
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Describe the principle and operation of reverberatory furnace with the help of a neat sketch.
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Distinguish between direct and indirect arc furnace.
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What are the advantages, drawbacks and applications of an electric furnace?
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Explain Peltier effect.
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What are the sources of error in radiation pyrometer? Discuss.
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What are base metal thermocouples and nobel thermocouples? Explain with examples.
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Explain the factors which affect the readings of optical pyrometer.
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Compare and contrast between acid, basic and neutral refractories.
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Distinguish between tridimite and crystabolite.
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Explain the method of manufacture, composition, properties and applications of magnasite refractories.
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