JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV INTRODUCTION TO INSTRUMENTATION Previous Question Paper (July/August - 2022 - R18)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
Draw the block diagram of CRO and explain the different components in it.
Answer
The Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) is a versatile electronic instrument used to visualize and measure time-varying electrical signals. The block diagram consists of the following key components:
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT): The heart of the CRO, comprising an electron gun, deflection system, and a fluorescent screen. It converts electrical signals into a visual trace.
- Vertical Amplifier: Amplifies the input signal to a level sufficient to drive the vertical deflection plates, ensuring the signal is visible on the screen.
- Delay Line: Introduces a slight delay in the vertical signal path to allow the horizontal sweep to start before the signal reaches the plates, ensuring the leading edge of the waveform is visible.
- Time Base Generator: Generates a sawtooth waveform that provides a linear horizontal sweep, moving the electron beam across the screen at a constant rate.
- Horizontal Amplifier: Amplifies the sawtooth signal from the time base generator to drive the horizontal deflection plates.
- Trigger Circuit: Ensures the time base starts at the same point on the input signal cycle for each sweep, providing a stable, stationary display.
- Power Supply: Provides high voltage for the CRT and low voltage for the amplifier circuits.
Distinguish between XY and Strip chart recorders.
Answer
| Feature | XY Recorder | Strip Chart Recorder |
|---|---|---|
| Operation | Plots one variable against another (e.g., Y vs X). | Plots a variable against time (Y vs t). |
| Input | Requires two independent inputs (X and Y). | Requires one input (Y) and a constant time-base drive. |
| Application | Used for studying relationships between two physical quantities (e.g., stress-strain curves). | Used for continuous monitoring of process variables over time (e.g., temperature logging). |
| Chart Movement | The paper remains stationary while the pen moves in both X and Y directions. | The paper moves at a constant speed while the pen moves only in the Y direction. |
| Time Axis | Does not have an inherent time base. | Uses a motorized paper feed to represent the time axis. |
Draw the block diagram of a storage type oscilloscope and explain the working of each block.
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What is data logger? Discuss the different types and applications of it.
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List out different types of pressure measuring devices and explain the working of manometer.
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Discuss the types of thermal conductivity gauges useful for the measurement of vacuum.
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Describe the working principle of Capacitive type pressure gauge.
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Discuss the method for the measurement of pressure using strain gage.
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What is the use of positive displacement flow meter. Explain Reciprocating piston type meter.
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With a neat sketch diagram, explain venturi tube flow meter.
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Explain the helix type flow meter and also compare it with oval gear flow meter.
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Describe the mass flow meter that uses the principle of conservation of angular momentum. How is its range affected and how can that be counteracted?
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Define viscosity. What are the different types of viscometer? Explain the principle of say bolt viscometer.
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Explain the working principle of Electrolysis type hygrometer.
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Write a short note on
pH meter
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Sodium analyzer
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H2S analyzer.
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