JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B. Tech III Year THERMODYNAMICS FOR PETROLEUM ENGINEERS Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R15)

Explain the Joules experiment for the study of first law of thermodynamics.

What is the difference between heat capacity and enthalpy of the substance? Discuss in detail.

How to understand the behavior of pure substance? Explain on PVT surfaces.

Explain the absolute temperature scale and compare with the ideal gas scale.

Explain the principle of operation of throttling process and discuss its practical applications.

What is the importance of Mollier diagram for understanding the properties of pure substances? Explain.

Explain the generalized correlation for the fugacity coefficient for all the substances.

Draw the temperature and concentration curve understanding the dew point temperature and bubble point temperature during phase change.

Explain the LLE and compare with VLLE for understanding the equilibrium.

How to estimate the properties of the fluid from different correlations? Explain.

What is meant by quasi static process and explain any practical example of such process.

A system with initial internal energy of 300 kJ is receiving heat of 280 kJ at constant volume process and rejects heat of 260 kJ at constant pressure when 60 kJ of work is done on the system. The system is brought to its original state by an adiabatic process. Calculate the adiabatic work and value of internal energy at salient points.

The flue gases 10 kg/s flows into turbine to develop a designed power of 50MW. The enthalpies of gases at inlet and outlet based on the conditions are 910 kJ/kg and 180 kJ/kg respectively and the velocity of gases at inlet is 25 m/s and at exit 110 m/s. Calculate the rate at which heat is rejected to the turbine and the area of the inlet pipe given that the specific volume of the gases at the inlet is 0.45 m³/kg.

Differentiate between steady state and unsteady state processes from thermodynamic point of view.

Derive the generalized compressibility equation in terms of cubic function and discuss the salient features of this equation.

A direct heat engine A and a reversed heat engine B operate between 177⁰C and 27⁰C. The COP of B as a heat pump is 2.5. A drives B. The magnitudes of heat interaction of A and B with the reservoir at 27⁰C are 200 kJ and 50 kJ respectively. The combined work output of A and B as 20 kJ. Identify whether the heat engine A is reversible or irreversible.

State and explain the Kelvin Planck statement of second law of thermodynamics and discuss its applications.

What do you understand by the term triple point? And why it is being called as point through it is looking like line p-v diagram. Give the pressure and temperature of water at its triple point.

Explain the mathematical formulations for both Kelvin Planck statement and Claussius statement of second law of thermodynamics.

Water at 150 kPa and 100⁰C enters a mixing chamber at a rate of 136 kg/min where it is mixed steadily with steam entering at 140 kPa and 1150⁰C. The mixture leaves the chamber at 140 kPa and 550⁰C and heat loss to the surrounding air at 220⁰C at a rate of 190 kJ/min. Neglecting KE and PE, determine the entropy generation?

What is the entropy? How to estimate the entropy generation for different processes? How is it different from absolute entropy? Explain.

Air at 150⁰C and 1.05 bar occupies a volume of 0.02 m³. The air is heated at constant volume until the pressure is 4.2 bar and then cooled at constant pressure back to the original temperature. Calculate i) the net heat flow to or from the air and ii) the net entropy change, sketch the process on T-s diagram.

What is the significance of sigma function in evaluation of the fugacity and the fugacity and its coefficient? Explain in detail.

Explain the effect of temperature on equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction and derive the condition for chemical equilibrium.

How does the Duhem theorem help in understanding the equilibrium phases? Explain in detail.

What is Gibbs free energy? How to estimate the Gibbs free energy for petrochemical processes? Explain.

A gas mixture containing 40 mole % methane, 20 mole % ethane, 20 mole % propane and 20 mole % butane is fed into a partial condenser maintained at 1650 kPa and 27⁰C. Determine the molar fraction of the gas that condenses and compositions of vapor and liquid phases leaving the condenser. K - factor values at 27⁰C : methane = 10, ethane = 2, Propane = 0.64, butane = 0.075.

Explain VLLE, SLE and SVE equilibriums with suitable diagrams and discuss in detail.

Explain the method of estimating the properties of hydrocarbons and their mixtures in different phases.

Draw LLE solubility diagrams represented in the form of an island.