JNTU
JNTU B.Tech III SURFACE PRODUCTION OPERATIONS Previous Question Paper (April - 2018 - R15)
Part A is compulsory. Answer all questions. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit.
Part A
Write the uses of control valves.
Answer
Control valves are primarily used to regulate the flow rate of fluids, maintain specific downstream pressures, and control liquid levels within process vessels by modulating the opening size based on a signal from a controller.
Explain the purpose of Wellhead and Manifold in oil production system.
Answer
The Wellhead serves as the structural and pressure-containing interface for the drilling and production equipment, providing the means to suspend casing and tubing strings and control the flow of produced fluids. The Manifold acts as a collection point that gathers production from multiple wells, allowing for the routing of individual well streams to specific test or production separators for measurement and processing.
How are the oil – field separators classified?
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Explain the purpose of mist extractor in a separator.
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Define ‘agitation’?
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Write about emulsion treating methods.
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What is the main advantage of a two-stage desalting process over a single-stage desalting process?
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Define the following terms: (i) Remnant water (ii) Dilution water (iii) BS&W.
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What are Skim tanks? Where are they used?
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What are ‘Reverse emulsion breakers’? How are they used?
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Part B
Explain the various functions of Flow control valves.
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What is the purpose of a Separator? Compare and contrast the horizontal separators vs vertical separators.
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What is Oil treating? Why is it necessary? How is it done?
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Why are spherical tanks used for oil storage? And why do the oil tanks have floating roofs?
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Derive the equations for gas capacity and oil capacity constraints for a horizontal separator for the following two cases:
(a) The gas occupies 75% of the separator effective volume.
(b) The gas occupies 25% of the separator effective volume.
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Determine the diameter and seam-to-seam length of a horizontal separator for the following operating conditions. Determine the actual gas and oil capacity of the designed separator.
Gas rate: 15 MMSCFD
Gas specific gravity: 0.6
Oil rate: 3,000 bbl/day
Oil gravity: 350 API
Operating pressure: 6.8 MPa
Operating temperature: 160 C
Retention time: 3 min.
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Discuss briefly the effects of heating, deemulsifiers, and electrostatic field on the oil dehydration process.
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Compare the effects of temperature, oil viscosity, and retention time on the water droplet size that can be removed from the oil to achieve certain dehydration goal.
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Four thousand barrels per day of 200 API oil containing 15% by volume emulsified water of specific gravity 1.05 need to be dehydrated. A horizontal heater treater has been selected for this operation. The fluid entering the heater at 300 C must be heated up to 700 C and retained in the coalescing/settling section for 25 min. If the heater fire tube is made of 15 cm diameter pipe, determine the length of the fire tube assuming a mean temperature difference of 540 C and an overall heat transfer coefficient of 9750 k Cal / h m2 0C.
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Discuss the basic principles involved in the Crude oil stabilization process.
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Discuss the ‘Stabilizer tower’ and ‘Trays and packing’ with respect to Crude oil stabilization equipment.
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A dehydration–desalting system consists of the following : (a) A first-stage dehydration only (no wash water added) which receives the fed containing 10% by volume water having a salinity of 250,000 ppm and a specific gravity of 1.06. The dehydration is carried out to produce oil with 0.3% water. (b) A second-stage desalting, which receives the effluent of the first stage and mix it with 10% by volume of wash water containing 3000 ppm salt. Then, dehydration is carried out to produce oil with 0.2% BS&W. Determine the salt content in PTB of the following: (i) The oil entering the first stage (ii) The oil leaving the first stage (iii) The oil leaving the second stage.
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Discuss the disposal standards of produced water for off-shore and on-shore operations.
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How is the scale in produced water controlled using chemical inhibitors? Explain.
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What are Free-flow turbulent Coalescers? Explain their working.
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What is Retention time? Explain the performance considerations of Produced water treating systems.
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