JNTU
JNTU MBA 2022 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Previous Question Paper (May - 2022 - R19)
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
Main
Briefly explain the step by step process of Research.
Answer
The research process is a systematic sequence of steps designed to ensure valid and reliable findings:
- Identification of the Research Problem: Clearly defining the area of interest and formulating specific research questions or objectives.
- Literature Review: Surveying existing studies to understand the current state of knowledge and identify research gaps.
- Formulation of Hypotheses: Developing testable statements that predict the relationship between variables.
- Research Design: Determining the overall strategy, including the choice of methodology (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed) and sampling techniques.
- Data Collection: Gathering empirical evidence through surveys, interviews, observations, or experiments.
- Data Analysis and Interpretation: Processing the collected data using statistical or thematic methods to draw conclusions.
- Reporting and Conclusion: Communicating the findings through a formal report or thesis, documenting the implications and suggestions for future research.
What are the four types of Measurement of Variables? What are the applications and disadvantages of Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio Scales?
Answer
Measurement scales are categorized into four levels, each providing increasing levels of precision:
| Scale | Application | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal | Used for labeling variables without quantitative value (e.g., gender, nationality). | Cannot perform mathematical operations; limited to frequency counts and mode. |
| Ordinal | Used for ranking or ordering (e.g., customer satisfaction levels, rank in a race). | The distance between intervals is unknown; cannot calculate the mean. |
| Interval | Used for data with equal distances between points but no true zero (e.g., temperature in Celsius, IQ scores). | Lack of a true zero point prevents the calculation of ratios. |
| Ratio | Used for variables with a true zero point, allowing for all statistical operations (e.g., height, weight, income). | Requires precise measurement instruments; data collection can be more complex and costly. |
These scales determine the statistical tests applicable to the research data. Nominal and ordinal scales require non-parametric tests, while interval and ratio scales allow for the use of more powerful parametric statistical methods.
What is Research Process? Briefly describe the steps involved in Business Research Process.
Answer
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Differentiate among Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio Scales on any five points.
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What are Research Problems? Briefly explain Research Problems in the fields of Marketing, Production, Finance and Personnel Management.
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What are the Methods for collecting Secondary Data? What is the significance of Secondary Data?
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What is Bias in Survey? What are the reasons for biases? Explain the same briefly.
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What are the guidelines for Questionnaire? Briefly explain Random and Non-Random Sampling with suitable examples.
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What is Frequency Distribution? Prepare the Cumulative Frequency Table for the following data:
| Marks | No. of Students |
|---|---|
| 10-29 | 5 |
| 30-49 | 25 |
| 50-69 | 45 |
| 70-89 | 20 |
| 90-100 | 5 |
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For the following data, prepare a Bar Diagram:
| Year | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Property Tax (Rs. Crore.) | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 | 3600 | 4700 | 5800 | 6000 | 6500 |
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For the following data, draw Histogram, Frequency Curve and Frequency Polygon.
| Salary (Rs. in ‘000) | 10-20 | 20-30 | 30-40 | 40-50 | 50-60 | 60-70 | 70-80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of Employees | 15 | 20 | 30 | 50 | 40 | 20 | 10 |
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For the given data below on the monthly income of 600 families of a rich locality in Hyderabad City, draw: (i) Less than Ogive and (ii) More than Ogive Curves and point out the Median.
| Monthly Income (Rs Crore) | No. of Families |
|---|---|
| Below 10 | 50 |
| 10 – 20 | 100 |
| 20 – 30 | 200 |
| 30 – 40 | 150 |
| 40 – 50 | 50 |
| 50 – 60 | 30 |
| 60 – Above | 20 |
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What is Multiple Regression Analysis? What are its objectives? Explain its Formula. What is its Statistical Significance?
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What is Spearman’s Rank Correlation? Solve the following problem on Spearman’s Rank Correlation:
| Candidate | Judge P | Judge Q |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 20 | 24 |
| 2 | 23 | 24 |
| 3 | 25 | 22 |
| 4 | 24 | 26 |
| 5 | 26 | 30 |
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Give a brief introduction of Index Numbers. What are their uses? Construct Laspayre and Paasche Index Numbers for the following data:
| Commodity | 2020 Price | 2020 Quantity | 2021 Price | 2021 Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | 3 | 10 | 5 | 7 |
| Q | 6 | 12 | 7 | 6 |
| R | 5 | 16 | 6 | 10 |
| S | 3 | 20 | 3 | 12 |
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What is the concept and importance of Research Report-writing? Briefly explain the importance of tables and charts in it.
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