JNTU MCA 2018 DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS Previous Question Paper (June/July - 2018 - R15)

The limitations of distributed systems include: 1) Network Reliability: Dependence on the network makes systems vulnerable to latency, packet loss, and partitions. 2) Security: Increased attack surface due to distributed components and open communication channels. 3) Complexity: Designing, debugging, and maintaining distributed software is significantly harder than centralized systems. 4) Consistency: Maintaining data consistency across multiple nodes in the presence of failures is challenging. 5) Resource Management: Difficult to manage and allocate shared resources efficiently across heterogeneous environments.

Remote Method Invocation (RMI) is a mechanism that allows an object residing in one Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to invoke methods on an object residing in another JVM. It abstracts the complexity of network communication, enabling developers to write distributed applications as if they were local. RMI uses Stubs (client-side proxy) and Skeletons (server-side helper) to handle parameter marshalling and unmarshalling, allowing seamless object interaction across a network.