JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD MCA 2023 DISTRIBUTED DATABASES Previous Question Paper (March/April - 2023 - R15)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
Write a short note on centralized databases.
Answer
A centralized database is a system where all data is stored, located, and maintained in a single physical location, such as a mainframe or a central server. All users and applications access this central repository through a network. The primary advantage is simplified data management, security, and consistency, as there is a single point of control. However, it suffers from potential bottlenecks, a single point of failure, and limited scalability compared to distributed systems.
Give a brief summary on parametric queries.
Answer
Parametric queries are pre-compiled database queries that use placeholders or parameters instead of hard-coded values. When executed, the user or application provides specific values for these parameters. This approach enhances security by preventing SQL injection attacks and improves performance because the database engine can reuse the query execution plan, reducing the overhead of parsing and optimizing the query repeatedly.
What is meant by distributed deadlock?
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What is the purpose of using cold restart process?
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What is pointer swizzling? Explain.
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Part B
Explain referential integrity with an example.
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Describe primary horizontal fragmentation.
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Explain the concept of distributed database design.
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Draw and explain the reference architecture for distributed databases.
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Write short notes on database profiles.
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Differentiate between distributed joins and non-distributed joins.
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Explain the steps performed in query processing with a neat diagram.
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Discuss the problems in query optimization.
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Explain the concept of granularity of locking.
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Compare linear protocol with distributed protocol.
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Explain view serializability with an example.
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Discuss about timestamp-ordering protocol.
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Explain the procedure for electing a coordinator in a network.
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Draw the state diagram for the 2-phase commitment protocol.
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Discuss the design issues of a reliable distributed database.
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Categorize and explain types of distribution of catalogs.
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Explain the following terms:
Multi-database recovery.
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Object identifier management.
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With a neat diagram, explain about CORBA architecture.
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Explain about push-based technologies.
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