JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives

The organic compounds are classified based on their functional groups and

character. The basic principles and mechanisms of different types of organic reactions are explained in an elaborative manner.

Course Outcome

The detailed study on the mechanisms involved in various reactions would

help the students to understand the synthesis of higher organic compounds which would be dealt in future classes.

UNIT - I

• a. Structure and Activity of Organic Molecules: Shapes of organic molecules, bond lengths, bond angles and bond dissociation energies. Electronic effects in organic molecules: inductive effect, electromeric or mesomeric effect, hyperconjugation, concept of resonance; types of organic reagents and reactions.
• b. Aliphatic/Alicyclic Hydrocarbons: Nomenclature, isomerism (chain, conformational and geometrical) relative stabilities (heats of combustion and hydrogenation), ring stabilities of cyclohexane, chair-boat conformation, Bayer’s strain theory and sachse-mohr theory. Free radical substitution reactions (halogenation) of alkanes.

UNIT - II

• a. Alkenes: Electrophilic addition reactions of alkenes, Markovnikov’s rule, Kharasch effect, Bayer’s oxidation (cis-hydroxylation, polymerisation).
• b. Alkadienes: Stability and 1,4 addition reactions of conjugated alkadienes.
• c. Alkynes: Acidity of 1-alkynes, formation of metal acetylides. Stereo specific reduction of alkynes. Addition of hydrogen halide (HCl) addition of water and keto-enol tautomerism.

UNIT - III

Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Kekule’s structure of benzene, bond lengths, heats of hydrogenation and stability, molecular orbital picture of benzene, aromaticity, Huckel’s rule, nomenclature of benzene derivatives, characteristic reactions of benzene, theory of reactivity and orientation in mono substituted benzenes.

UNIT - IV

• a. Halogen Compounds-Aromatic: Nomenclature, low reactivity of halo benzenes towards nucleophilic substitution, arenes.
• b. Halogen Compounds-Aliphatic: Nomenclature, general methods of preparation, characteristic nucleophilic substitution reactions, factors that play role in SN 1 and SN2, Walden inversion, elimination reaction and Saytzeff’s rule.

UNIT - V

Alcohols: Nomenclature, classification, general methods of preparation, physical properties, hydrogen bonding, characteristic nucleophilic substitution reactions (replacement of -OH by -

Cl), elimination reactions, and relative reactivities of 1o, 2o and 3o alcohols, Meerwein Pondorff Verley reduction.

Text Books

• 1) T. R. Morrison and R. N. Boyd, Organic chemistry, prentice hall of India private Limited, New Delhi.
• 2) I.L. Finar Vol. I and Vol. II, the Fundamentals Principles of Organic Chemistry, ELBS/Longman.
• 3) Ball and Ball Advanced pharmaceutical organic chemistry.

References

• 1) Jerry March, Reactions and Mechanism 4th ed.
• 2) Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry