JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives

The student shall be taught on operations like evaporation, drying,

objective of size reduction, size separation and mixing.

Course Outcome

Student will be familiar with concepts of evaporation, drying, size

reduction, mixing and understand the pharmaceutical applications in industry.

UNIT - I

Evaporation: Basic concept of phase equilibria, factors affecting the evaporation, evaporators, film evaporators, and single effect evaporators.

UNIT - II

Drying: Moisture content and mechanism of drying, rate of drying and time of drying calculations, classification and types of dryers, dryers used in pharmaceutical industries tray dryer, Fluid bed dryer, spray dryer and freeze-dryer.

UNIT - III

Size Reduction: Definition, objectives of size reduction, factors affecting size reduction, laws governing energy and power requirements of a mill, types of mills including ball mill, hammer mill and fluid energy mill.

UNIT - IV

Size Separation: Official standards for powders, sieves, modes of motion in size separation. Sieve Analysis – Testing of powders. Equipment for size separation.

UNIT - V

Mixing: Theory of mixing, solid-solid, solid-liquid and liquid-liquid mixing equipment, double cone, twin-shell, silverson mixer, colloid mill, sigma blade mixer, planatery mixer, propeller mixer and turbine mixer.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. S.J. Carter, Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th ed., CBS publisher, Delhi.
• 2. CVS Subhramanyam, Pharmaceutical Engineering.
• 3. K. Samba Murthy, Pharmaceutical Engineering

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. W.I. Macebe and J. C. Smith Macro, Unit Operations To Chemical Engineering, Hill Int. Book Co., London.
• 2. L. Lachman, H. Lieberman & J. L Kaniz, The Theory And Practice Of Industrial Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger Philadelphia, USA