JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Prerequisite

Power Systems - I & Power Systems - II

Course Objectives:

• To understand real power control and operation
• To know the importance of frequency control
• To analyze different methods to control reactive power
• To understand unit commitment problem and importance of economic load dispatch
• To understand real time control of power systems

Course Outcomes

After completion of this course, the student will be able to

• Analyze the optimal scheduling of power plants
• Analyze the steady state behavior of the power system for voltage and frequency fluctuations
• Describe reactive power control of a power system
• Design suitable controller to dampen the frequency and voltage steady state oscillations

UNIT - I

Load –Frequency Control: Basics of speed governing mechanism and modeling - speed- load characteristics – load sharing between two synchronous machines in parallel. Control area concept LFC control of a single-area system. Static and dynamic analysis of uncontrolled and controlled cases. Integration of economic dispatch control with LFC. Two- area system – modeling - static analysis of uncontrolled case - tie line with frequency bias control of two-area system - state variable model.

UNIT - II

Reactive Power – Voltage Control: Basics of reactive power control. Excitation systems – modeling. Static and dynamic analysis - stability compensation - generation and absorption of reactive power. Relation between voltage, power and reactive power at a node - method of voltage control - tap-changing transformer. System level control using generator voltage magnitude setting, tap setting of OLTC transformer and MVAR injection of switched capacitors to maintain acceptable voltage profile and to minimize transmission loss.

R16 B.TECH EEE.

UNIT - III

Economic Load Dispatch: Statement of economic dispatch problem – cost of generation – incremental cost curve - co-ordination equations without loss and with loss, solution by direct method and λ-iteration method.

UNIT - IV

Unit Commitment: Statement of Unit Commitment problem – constraints; spinning reserve, thermal unit constraints, hydro constraints, fuel constraints and other constraints. Solution methods - Priority-list methods - forward dynamic programming approach. Numerical problems on priority-list method using full-load average production cost and Forward DP method.

UNIT - V

Computer Control of Power Systems: Need of computer control of power systems. Concept of energy control centre (or) load dispatch centre and the functions - system monitoring - data acquisition and control. System hardware configuration – SCADA and EMS functions. Network topology – Importance of Load Forecasting and simple techniques of forecasting.

Text Books:

• 1. D. P. Kothari and I. J. Nagrath, ‘Modern Power System Analysis’, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2003.
• 2. Olle. I. Elgerd, ‘Electric Energy Systems Theory – An Introduction’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi, 30th reprint, 2007.

Reference Books:

• 1. Chakrabarti & Haldar, “Power System Analysis: Operation and Control”, Prentice Hall of India, 2004 Edition.
• 2. C. L. Wadhwa , ‘Power System Analysis’, New Age International-6th Edition, 2010, ISBN : 978-81-224-2839-1
• 3. Robert Miller, James Malinowski, ‘Power System Operation’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi, 3rd Edition 2009.
• 4. P. Kundur, Neal J. Balu, ‘Power System Stability & Control’, IEEE, 1998. R16 B.TECH EEE.