JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Pre-requisites

None

Course Objectives:

• Provide students with opportunities to apply basic flow equations
• Train the students to acquire the knowledge and skill of analyzing different turbo machines.
• How to compare and chose machines for various operations

Course Outcomes:

• Ability to design and calculate different parameters for turbo machines
• Prerequisite to CFD and Industrial fluid power courses
• Ability to formulate design criteria
• Ability to understand thermodynamics and kinematics behind turbo machines

UNIT - I

Fundamentals of Turbo Machines: Classifications, Applications, Thermodynamic analysis, Isentropic flow. Energy transfer. Efficiencies, Static and Stagnation conditions, Continuity equations, Euler's flow through variable cross sectional areas, Unsteady flow in turbo machines

UNIT - II

Steam Nozzles: Convergent and Convergent-Divergent nozzles, Energy Balance, Effect of back pressure of analysis. Designs of nozzles. Steam Turbines: Impulse turbines, Compounding, Work done and Velocity triangle, Efficiencies, Constant reactions, Blading, Design of blade passages, Angle and height, Secondary flow. Leakage losses, Thermodynamic analysis of steam turbines.

UNIT - III

Gas Dynamics: Fundamental thermodynamic concepts, isentropic conditions, mach numbers, and area, Velocity relations, Dynamic Pressure, Normal shock relation for perfect gas. Supersonic flow, oblique shock waves. Normal shock recoveries, detached shocks, Aerofoil theory. Centrifugal compressor: Types, Velocity triangles and efficiencies, Blade passage design, Diffuser and pressure recovery. Slip factor, Stanitz and Stodolas formula's, Effect of inlet mach numbers, Pre whirl, Performance

R16 B.TECH MECHANICAL ENGG.

UNIT - IV

Axial Flow Compressors: Flow Analysis, Work, and velocity triangles, Efficiencies, Thermodynamic analysis. Stage pressure rise, Degree of reaction, Stage Loading, General design, Effect of velocity, Incidence, Performance Cascade Analysis: Geometrical and terminology. Blade force, Efficiencies, Losses, Free end force, Vortex Blades.

UNIT - V

Axial Flow Gas Turbines: Work done. Velocity triangle and efficiencies, Thermodynamic flow analysis, Degree of reaction, Zweifels relation, Design cascade analysis, Soderberg, Hawthrone, Ainley, Correlations, Secondary flow, Free vortex blade, Blade angles for variable degree of reaction. Actuator disc, Theory, Stress in blades, Blade assembling, Material and cooling of blades, Performances, Matching of compressors and turbines, off design performance.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Principles of Turbo Machines/DG Shepherd / Macmillan
• 2. Turbines, Pumps, Compressors/Yahya/ Mc Graw Hill

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. A Treatise on Turbo machines / G. Gopal Krishnan and D. Prithviraj/ SciTech
• 2. Gas Turbine Theory/ Saravanamuttoo/ Pearson R16 B.TECH MECHANICAL ENGG.