JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objective

The prime aim of the course is to apply thermodynamics to various metallurgical

aspects like Solution, Phase Diagrams, Diffusion, and Ellingham Diagrams. The course is also intended to correlate electrochemical principles with thermodynamics

Course Outcome

The student will be able to establish a thermodynamic perception with

Metallurgical Processes and slove the Problems associated with the same.

UNIT - I

DIFFUSION: Fick’s law of diffusion and its application, Kirkendal effect, Darken's equations, the Metano Method, determination of intrinsic diffusivities, Diffusion mechanisms in metals, self diffusion in pure metals, diffusion along grain boundaries and surfaces, Temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient

UNIT - II

ELLINGHAM DIAGRAMS: Introduction, calculation of equilibrium constants from standard energy changes, general description of Ellingham diagrams, Interpretation of two or more free energy change vs. temperature lines taken together, derivation and uses of the oxygen, nomographic scale in Richardson’s diagrams.

UNIT - III

SOLUTIONS: Composition, partial molal quantities, Gibb's - Duhem equation, integration of Gibbs' - Duhem equation, ideal dilute solutions, ideal solutions, Raoults Law, actual (Non-ideal) solutions (Henry’s Law), Sieverts law, Excess thermodynamics quantities.

UNIT - IV

APPLICATION TO PHASE DIAGRAMS: Concept of chemical potential, equality of chemical potentials in equilibrated phases, calculations of solidus and liquidus lines for ideal solutions, calculation of liquidus line for eutectic systems.

UNIT - V

REVERSIBLE CELLS: Electro- Chemical cells, galvanic cells, chemical and electrical energy, thermodynamics of Electro-chemical cells, standard electrode potentials, application of Gibbs - Helmholtz equation to galvanic cells. Concentration Cells.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Physical Chemistry for Metallurgist - J. Mackowick
• 2. M. L. KAPOOR, Chemical and Metallurgical Thermodynamics, Vol. 1 & 2, Nemchand & Bros; Roorkee
• 3. N. A. Gokcen and R. G. Reddy, Thermodynamics-Second Edition, Plenum Press – New York & London

REFERENCE:

• 1. Physical Chemistry of Metals - LS Darken and R.W Gurry
• 2. Physical Metallurgy Principles – R E Reed –Hill, R.A. Abbasihian and Lara Abbaschian
• 3. Text book of Materials and Metallurgical Thermodynamics – A Ghosh