JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Overview

Course Overview: Non Conventional resources include solar energy, wind, falling water, the heat of the earth (geothermal), plant materials (biomass), waves, ocean currents, temperature differences in the oceans and the energy of the tides. Non Conventional energy technologies produce power, heat or mechanical energy by converting those resources either to electricity orto motive power. The policy maker concerned with development of the national grid system will focus on those resources that have established themselves commercially and are cost effective for on grid applications. Such commercial technologies include hydroelectric power, solar energy, fuels derived from biomass, wind energy and geothermal energy. Wave, ocean current, ocean thermal and other technologies that are in the research or early commercial stage, as well as non-electric Non Conventional energy technologies, such as solar water heaters and geothermal heat pumps, are also based on Non Conventional resources, but outside the scope of this Manual.

Course Objectives:

• 1. Graduates will demonstrate the ability to use basic knowledge in mathematics, science and engineering and apply them to solve problems specific to mechanical engineering (Fundamental engineering analysis skills).
• 2. Graduates will demonstrate the ability to design and conduct experiments, interpret and analyze data, and report results (Information retrieval skills).
• 3. Graduates should be capable of self-education and clearly understand the value of life-long learning (Continuing education awareness).
• 4. Graduates will develop an open mind and have an understanding of the impact of engineering on society and demonstrate awareness of contemporary issues (Social awareness).
• 5. Graduate will be able to design a system to meet desired needs within environmental, economic, political, ethical health and safety, manufacturability and management knowledge and techniques to estimate time, resources to complete project (Practical engineering analysis skills).

Course Outcomes:

• 1. Introduction to Renewable Energy Sources, Principles of Solar Radiation, Different Methods of Solar Energy Storage and its Applications, Concepts of Solar Ponds, Solar Distillation and Photo Voltaic Energy Conversion
• 2. Introduction to Flat Plate and Concentrating Collectors ,Classification of Concentrating Collectors
• 3. Introduction to Wind Energy, Horizontal and Vertical Access Wind Mills, Bio- Conversion
• 4. Types of Bio-Gas Digesters and Utilization for Cooking Geothermal Energy Resources
• 5. Types of Wells and Methods of Harnessing the Energy, Ocean Energy and Setting of OTEC Plants
• 6. Tidal and Wave Energy and Mini Hydel Power Plant, Need and Principles of Direct Energy Conversion
• 7. Concepts of Thermo-Electric Generators and MHD Generators

UNIT - I

Statistics on conventional energy sources and supply in developing countries, Definition- Concepts of NCES, Limitations of RES, Criteria for assessing the potential of NCES. Classification of NCES - Solar, Wind, Geothermal, Bio-mass, Ocean Energy Sources, comparison of these energy sources.

UNIT - II

Solar Energy-Energy available form Sun, Solar radiation data, Solar energy conversion into heat, Flat plate and Concentrating collectors, Mathematical analysis of Flat plate collectors and collector efficiency, Principle of Natural and Forced convection, Solar engines-Stirling, Brayton engines, Photovoltaic, p-n junction, solar cells, PV systems, Stand-alone, Grid connected solar power satellite.

UNIT - II

Wind energy conversion, General formula -Lift and Drag- Basis of wind energy conversion - Effect of density, frequency variances, angle of attack, and wind speed. Windmill rotors- Horizontal axis and vertical axis rotors. Determination of torque coefficient, Induction type generators- working principle.

UNIT - IV

Nature of Geothermal sources, Definition and classification of resources, Utilization for electric generation and direct heating, Well Head power generating units, Basic features- Atmospheric exhaust and condensing, exhaust types of conventional steam turbines. Pyrolysis of Biomass to produce solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, Biomass gasification, Constructional details of gasifier, usage of biogas for chulhas, various types of chulhas for rural energy needs.

UNIT - V

Wave, Tidal and OTEC energy- Difference between tidal and wave power generation, Principles of tidal and wave power generation, OTEC power plants, Operational of small cycle experimental facility, Design of 5 Mw OTEC pro-commercial plant, Economics of OTEC, Environmental impacts of OTEC. Status of multiple product OTEC systems.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Ashok V Desai, Non-Conventional Energy, Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi, 2003
• 2. K M, Non-Conventional Energy Systems, Wheeler Publishing Co. Ltd, New Delhi, 2003.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Ramesh R & Kumar K U, Renewable Energy Technologies, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2004
• 2. Wakil MM, Power Plant Technology, Mc Graw Hill Book Co, New Delhi, 2004.
• 3. Non - Conventional Energy Sources. Rai B.TECH. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (MATERIAL SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY)