JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives

This subject is intended to:

• Provide all the technical/engineering inputs to the learner to choose or select suitable materials of construction of chemical/petrochemical process equipment, piping and internals.
• Import expertise to the material so that it meets the specific life expectancy, by reducing the shutdown frequency.
• Learn the techniques in minimizing equipment breakdown and increasing the on- stream factor.
• To gain knowledge in choosing/selecting the material such that it withstands the severe process operating conditions such as cryogenic, high temperature, high pressure, acidic, basic, stress induced chemical/petrochemical environments keeping view the reliability and safety of the process equipment.

Course Outcome

After the course, the students will be to

• Equipped with knowledge to prepare material selection diagram, evaluation of equipment life and prediction of life of the equipment.
• Acquiring the abilities to carryout reliability studies.
• Ready to carryout equipment failure analysis and propose the remedial measures.

UNIT - I

Classification of engineering materials, Levels of Structure, Structure-Property relationships in materials, Crystal Geometry and non-crystalline(amorphous) states. Lattice –Bravais lattices, crystal systems with examples. Lattice co-ordinates, Miller and Miller- Bravais Indices for directions and places: ionic, covalent and metallic solids; packing factors and packing efficiency, ligancy and coordination number. Structure determination by Brag’s X- ray diffraction method.

UNIT - II

Crystal Imperfections-classification-point defects-estimation of point defects-Dislocations- classification(edge and screw)-surface defects -dislocation motion and its relevance to mechanical and chemical properties –stress-strain relationship and diagrams for different materials(metals, non-metals, rubbers and plastics and polymers)-elastic and plastic deformation-slip -stress required to move a dislocation. Multiplication of dislocations – dislocation reactions, effect on mechanical behavior of materials. Strain hardening/work hardening –dynamic recovery and recrystallization.

UNIT - III

Fracture and failure of materials: ductile fracture analysis-brittle fracture analysis-fracture toughness-ductile-brittle transition-fatigue fracture-theory, creep and mechanism –methods to postpone the failure and fracture of materials and increase the life of the engineering components /structures.

UNIT - IV

Solid –liquid and solid-solid Equilibria for metals and alloys. Phase rule-phase diagram for pure metals (single component system),alloys(binary systems)-micro structural changes during cooling-Lever rule and its applications-typical phase diagrams-homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, formation of Eutectic, Eutectoid mixtures- non-equilibrium cooling. Binary Systems(phase diagrams) for study: Cu-Ni/Bi-Cd/Pb-Sn/ Fe-C /Al-Cu Materials for chemical and petrochemical industrial process equipment- Effect of alloying on mechanical and chemical behavior of materials, applications of heat treatment methods for strengthening of engineering materials.

UNIT - V

Composite structures and their advantages over conventional materials–Matrix-reinforcement properties and evaluation of strength properties with different orientation of reinforcement- applications –Nano materials –synthesis and characterization. Stability criteria of materials in chemical/petrochemical industrial environments. Corrosion and Oxidation of materials –basic mechanisms-types of corrosion, Corrosion testing and evaluation Prevailing methods to combat corrosion. Coatings –metallic non-metallic, passivity, cathodic protection.

TEXT BOOKS:

th

• 1. Materials Science and Engineering, Raghavan, V., 5 Edition, PHI, New Delhi, 2009.
• 2. Material Science and Engineering, Ravi Prakash, William F. Smith, and Javed Hashemi, 4th Edition, Tata-McGraw Hill, 2008.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

th 1 Elements of Material Science and Engineering, Lawrence H. Van Vlack, 6 Edition, Pearson, 2002. 2 Materials Science and Engineering, Balasubramaniam, R., Callister’s, Wiley, 2010.

• 3. Corrosion Engineering, Mars G. Fontana, Tata-McGraw Hill, 2005. B.TECH. PETROLEUM ENGINEERING