JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Pre-Requisite

Low speed aerodynamics

Course Objectives:

• Learn the different Regimes of aircraft and performance requirements at different atmospheric conditions.
• Understand the different type of velocities and gives differences between stall velocity and maximum and minimum velocities.
• Estimate the time to climb and descent and gives the relation between rate of climb and descent and time to climb and descent at different altitudes.
• Illustrate the velocity and radius required for different type of maneuvers like pull-up, pull down and steady turn.

Course Outcomes:

• Aerodynamic characteristics, engine performance, and effects of flight altitude on aircraft performance
• Predict and analyse the performance of an airplane for accelerating and Non-accelerating cases
• Calculate the range and endurance of propeller and jet driven airplane
• Describe the different aircraft maneuvers

UNIT - I

Introduction to Aircraft Performance: The role and design mission of an aircraft; Performance requirements and mission profile; Aircraft design performance, the standard atmosphere; Off-standard and design atmosphere; Measurement of air data; Air data computers; Equations of motion for performance - the aircraft force system; Total airplane drag- estimation, drag reduction methods; The propulsive forces, the thrust production engines, power producing engines, variation of thrust, propulsive power and specific fuel consumption with altitude and flight speed; The minimum drag speed, minimum power speed; Aerodynamic relationships for a parabolic drag polar.

UNIT - II

Cruise Performance: Maximum and minimum speeds in level flight; Range and endurance with thrust production, and power producing engines; Cruise techniques: constant angle of attack, constant mach number; constant altitude, methods- comparison of performance. The effect of weight, altitude and temperature on cruise performance; Cruise performance with mixed power-Plants.

UNIT - III

Climb and Decent Performance: Importance of Climb and descent performance, Climb and descent technique generalized performance analysis for thrust producing, power producing and mixed power plants, maximum climb gradient, and climb rate. Energy height and specific excess power, energy methods for optimal climbs - minimum time, minimum fuel climbs. Measurement of best climb performance. Descent performance in Aircraft operations. Effect of wind on climb and decent performance.

UNIT - IV

Aircraft Manoeuvre Performance: Lateral maneuvers- turn performance- turn rates, turn radius- limiting factors for turning performance. Instantaneous turn and sustained turns, specific excess power, energy turns. Longitudinal aircraft maneuvers, the pull-up, maneuvers. The maneuver envelope, Significance. Maneuver boundaries, Maneuver performance of military Aircraft, transport Aircraft.

R18 B.TECH AERONAUTICAL ENGG. III YEAR

UNIT - V

Safety Requirements -Take-off And Landing Performance and Flight Planning: Estimation of takeoff distances. The effect on the takeoff distance of weight wind, runway conditions, ground effect. Takeoff performance safety factors. Estimation of landing distances. The discontinued landing, Baulk landing, air safety procedures and requirements on performance. Fuel planning fuel requirement, trip fuel, Environment effects, reserve, and tankering.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Anderson, J.D. Jr., ―Aircraft Performance and Designǁ, International edition McGraw Hill, 1st Edition, 1999, ISBN: 0-07-001971-1.
• 2. Eshelby, M.E., ―Aircraft Performance theory and Practiceǁ, AIAA Education Series, AIAA, 2nd Edition, 2000, ISBN: 1-56347-398-4.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. McCormick, B.W, ―Aerodynamics, Aeronautics and Flight Mechanicsǁ, John Wiley, 2nd Edition, 1995, ISBN: 0-471-57506-2.
• 2. Yechout, T.R. et al., ―Introduction to Aircraft Flight Mechanicsǁ, AIAA Education Series, AIAA, 1st Edition, 2003, ISBN: 1-56347-577-4.
• 3. Shevel, R.S., ―Fundamentals of Flightǁ, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition, 1989, ISBN: 81-297- 0514-1. R18 B.TECH AERONAUTICAL ENGG. III YEAR