JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Overview

Co-requisite: A Course on “Digital Logic Design and Microprocessors”.

Course Objectives:

• The purpose of the course is to introduce principles of computer organization and the basic architectural concepts.
• It begins with basic organization, design, and programming of a simple digital computer and introduces simple register transfer language to specify various computer operations.
• Topics include computer arithmetic, instruction set design, microprogrammed control unit, pipelining and vector processing, memory organization and I/O systems, and multiprocessors.

Course Outcomes:

• Understand the basics of instruction set and their impact on processor design.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the design of the functional units of a digital computer system.
• Evaluate cost performance and design trade-offs in designing a memory unit
• Design a pipeline for consistent execution of instructions with minimum hazards.
• Recognize and manipulate representations of numbers stored in digital computers

UNIT - I

Digital Computers: Introduction, Block diagram of Digital Computer, Definition of Computer Organization, Computer Design and Computer Architecture. Register Transfer Language and Micro operations: Register Transfer language, Register Transfer, Bus and memory transfers, Arithmetic Micro operations, logic micro operations, shift micro operations, Arithmetic logic shift unit. Basic Computer Organization and Design: Instruction codes, Computer Registers Computer instructions, Timing and Control, Instruction cycle, Memory Reference Instructions, Input – Output and Interrupt.

UNIT - II

Microprogrammed Control: Control memory, Address sequencing, micro program example, design of control unit. Central Processing Unit: General Register Organization, Instruction Formats, Addressing modes, Data Transfer and Manipulation, Program Control.

UNIT - III

Data Representation: Data types, Complements, Fixed Point Representation, Floating Point Representation. Computer Arithmetic: Addition and subtraction, multiplication Algorithms, Division Algorithms, Floating – point Arithmetic operations. Decimal Arithmetic unit, Decimal Arithmetic operations.

UNIT - IV

Input-Output Organization: Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous data transfer, Modes of Transfer, Priority Interrupt Direct memory Access. Memory Organization: Memory Hierarchy, Main Memory, Auxiliary memory, Associate Memory, Cache Memory.

UNIT - V

Reduced Instruction Set Computer: CISC Characteristics, RISC Characteristics.

Pipeline and Vector Processing: Parallel Processing, Pipelining, Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction Pipeline, RISC Pipeline, Vector Processing, Array Processor. Multi Processors: Characteristics of Multiprocessors, Interconnection Structures, Interprocessor arbitration, Interprocessor communication and synchronization, Cache Coherence.

TEXT BOOK:

• 1. Computer System Architecture – M. Moris Mano, Third Edition, Pearson/PHI.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Computer Organization – Car Hamacher, Zvonks Vranesic, Safea Zaky, Vth Edition, McGraw Hill.
• 2. Computer Organization and Architecture – William Stallings Sixth Edition, Pearson/PHI. Structured Computer Organization – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4th Edition, PHI/Pearson.