JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Prerequisites

Engineering Mathematics, Engineering Physics, Engineering Chemistry

Course Objective

To introduce calculations for both material and energy balances for different

industrial processes. It is prerequisite for several other courses in the curriculum, including courses like process dynamics, heat transfer and thermodynamics.

Course Outcome

The student would be in a position to have knowledge of chemical engineering

calculations, which is a pre-requisite for several other courses in the syllabus.

UNIT - I

Stoichiometric & Composition relations: Stoichiometric relation, basis of calculations, methods of expressing compositions of mixtures and solutions, density and specific gravity, Baume and API gravity scales. Behavior of Ideal gases: Kinetic theory of gases, application of ideal gas law, gaseous mixtures, gases in chemical reactions.

UNIT - II

Vapour pressure: Liquefaction and liquid state, vaporization, boiling point, effect of temperature on vapour pressure, Antoine equation, vapour pressure plots, estimation of critical properties, vapour pressure of immiscible liquids and ideal solutions, Raoult’s law, Non-volatile solutes. Humidity and Saturation: Partial saturation, Humidity- Absolute Humidity, Vaporization process, Molal humidity, Relative and percentage saturation, dew point, humid heat, wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures, use of humidity charts, adiabatic vaporization.

UNIT - III

Material balances: Tie substance, Yield, conversion, limiting reactant, excess reactant, processes involving reactions, Material balances with the help of Stoichiometric equations, Material balances involving drying, dissolution, & crystallization. Material balance calculations for processes involving recycle, bypass and purge.

UNIT - IV

Thermo physics: Energy, energy balances, heat capacity of gases, liquid and mixture solutions. Kopp’s rule, latent heats, heat of fusion and heat of vaporization, Trouton’s rule, Kistyakowsky equation for non-polar liquids enthalpy and its evaluation. Thermo chemistry: Calculation and applications of heat of reaction, combustion, formation and neutralization, Kirchhoff’s equation, enthalpy concentration change, calculation of theoretical and actual flame temperatures.

UNIT - V

Combustion Calculations: Introduction, fuels, calorific value of fuels, coal, liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, air requirement and flue gases, combustion calculations, incomplete combustion, material and energy balances, thermal efficiency calculations.

TEXT BOOK:

• 1. Chemical process principles, Part -I, Material and Energy Balance, Hougen O A, Watson K.M. and Ragatz R.A. 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1963. R18 B.TECH PETROLEUM ENGG.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Basic principles and calculations in chemical engineering by D.H. Himmelblau, 7th Ed. PHI, 2013
• 2. Stoichiometry by B.I. Bhatt and S.M. Vora (3rd Ed.) Tata McGraw Hill publishing company, Ltd. New Delhi (1996) R18 B.TECH PETROLEUM ENGG.