JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Prerequisites

General Geology

Course Objective

To expose the students to different source, reservoir and cap rocks, hydrocarbon

migration and generation of oil and gas from sediments.

Course Outcome

The students will learn different source, reservoir and cap rocks, concepts of

porosity, permeability and their relation to hydrocarbon migration and entrapment. Temperature- pressure conditions for the generation of oil and gas from organic rich sediments.

UNIT - I

Source Rocks: Definition of source rock. Organic rich sediments as source rocks. Nature and type of source rocks - Claystone / shale. The process of diagenesis, catagenesis and metagenesis in the formation of source rocks. Evaluation of petroleum source rock potential. Limestone as source rocks. Subsurface pressure temperature conditions for the generation of oil and gas from the source sediments. Oil window.

UNIT - II

Reservoir Rocks: Characteristics of Reservoir rocks – classification and nomenclature: Clastic Reservoir Rocks, Carbonate Reservoir Rocks, Unconventional, fractured and miscellaneous reservoir rocks. Marine and non-marine reservoir rocks. Reservoir pore space - porosity – primary and secondary porosity, Effective porosity, fracture porosity - permeability – effective and relative permeability Relationship between porosity, permeability and texture. Cap rocks: Definition and characteristics of ‘cap Rocks’.

UNIT - III

Hydrocarbon Migration: Geological framework of migration and accumulation. The concept of hydrocarbon migration from source beds to the carrier beds - Carrier beds to the reservoir - Free-path ways for migration - Short distance and long-distance migration - Evidence for migration – oil and gas seepages.

UNIT - IV

Entrapment of Hydrocarbons: Entrapment and accumulation of hydrocarbons - Classification and types of traps: Structural, stratigraphic and combination type of traps - Traps associated with salt domes.

UNIT - V

Sedimentary Basins: Sedimentary basins -origin and classification. Types of basins and their relationship to hydrocarbon prospects. Tectonic classification, stratigraphic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulations of the following basins: Krishna-Godavari basin, Cambay basin and Mumbai off-shore

TEXT BOOK:

• 1. Levorsen, A.I. Geology of Petroleum, 1967, 2nd Edn., CBS, New Delhi.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Richard, C. Selley, 1998. Elements of Petroleum Geology, Academic Press, London
• 2. Sedimentary basins of India- ONGC bulletin. R18 B.TECH PETROLEUM ENGG.