JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Prerequisites

Engineering Mathematics, Engineering Physics

Course Objective

This course is to understand the laws of thermodynamics and their application in

the analysis of chemical and engineering problems and to calculate thermodynamics properties of fluids and fluid mixtures using equation of state.

Course Outcome

Student should be able to identify a system and apply the laws of thermodynamics

and should be able to estimate thermodynamic properties of substances in gas or liquid state

UNIT - I

Introduction: The scope of thermodynamics, defined quantities; temperature, volume, pressure, work, energy, heat, Joules Experiments, SI units. The first law and other basic concepts: The first law of thermodynamics, thermodynamic state and state functions, enthalpy, the steady-state steady flow process, equilibrium, the reversible process, constant- V and constant- P processes, heat capacity.

UNIT - II

Volumetric properties of pure fluids: The PVT behavior of pure substances, virial equations, the ideal gas, the applications of the virial equations, Cubic equations of state, generalized correlations for gases. The second law of thermodynamics-1: Statements of the second law, heat engines, thermodynamic temperature scales, thermodynamic temperature and the ideal-gas scale.

UNIT - III

The second law of thermodynamics-2: Entropy, Entropy changes of an ideal gas, mathematical statement of the second law, the third law of thermodynamics. Mollier diagram and steam tables. Thermodynamics of flow processes; principles of conservation of mass and energy for flow systems, analysis of expansion processes; turbines, throttling; compression processes –compressors and pumps; calculation of ideal work and last work. Examples on hydrocarbons and natural gas.

UNIT - IV

Solution thermodynamics: Basic concepts of chemical potential, phase equilibria, partial properties, fugacity coefficient, residual and excess Gibbs free energy, correlations for the estimation of fugacity coefficient, residual and excess Gibbs energy in vapor liquid equilibria.

UNIT - V

Phase Equilibria: Gamma/Phi formulation of VLE, VLE from Virial equations of state, and cubic equations of state, Introduction to vapor- liquid–liquid equilibrium (VLLE), solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE), and solid vapor equilibrium (SVE), equilibrium adsorption of gases on solids. Correlations for petroleum fluids.

TEXT BOOK:

• 1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J.M. Smith, H.C. Van Ness and M.M. Abbott, 7th ed. McGraw Hill, 2005.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions. M. R. Riaze, ASTM, USA, 2005.
• 2. Equation of state and PVT analysis. Tarek Ahmed, Gulf publishing company, Houston, 2007. R18 B.TECH PETROLEUM ENGG. III YEAR