JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives:

• To familiarize the students with the various elements and stages involved in transportation of oil and gas.
• To understand international standards and practices in piping design.
• To know various equipment and their operation in pipeline transportation.
• To understand modern trends in transportation of oil and gas

Course Outcome

The students would get an understanding of the key steps in a pipeline’s lifecycle:

design, construction, installation, asset management and maintenance.

UNIT - I

Elements of pipeline design: Fluid properties – Environment - Effects of pressure and temperature - Supply / Demand scenario - Route selection - Codes and standards - Environmental and hydrological considerations – Economics - Materials / Construction – Operation - Pipeline protection - Pipeline integrity monitoring. Pipeline route selection, survey and geotechnical guidelines: Introduction - Preliminary route selection - Key factors for route selection - Engineering survey - Legal survey - Construction / As-built survey - Geotechnical design.

UNIT - II

Natural gas transmission: General flow equation – Steady state - Impact of gas molecular weight and compressibility factor on flow capacity - Flow regimes - Widely used steady-state flow equations – Summary of the impact of different gas and pipeline parameters on the gas flow efficiency – Pressure drop calculation for pipeline in series and parallel – Pipeline gas velocity – Erosional velocity – Optimum pressure drop for design purposes – Pipeline packing – Determining gas leakage using pressure drop method – Wall thickness / pipe grade – Temperature profile – Optimization process – Gas transmission solved problems.

UNIT - III

Gas compression and coolers: Types of compressors – Compressor drivers – Compressor station configuration – Thermodynamics of isothermal and adiabatic gas compression – Temperature change in adiabatic gas compression – Thermodynamics of polytropic gas compression – Gas compressors in series – Centrifugal compressor horsepower – Enthalpy / Entropy charts (Mollier diagram) – Centrifugal compressor performance curve – Influence of pipeline resistance on centrifugal compressor performance-Reciprocating compressors – Gas compression solved problems – Gas coolers – Air- cooled heat exchangers – Coolers heat transfer equations – Fan air mass flow rate – Required fan power – Gas pressure drop in coolers – Iterative procedure for calculations based on unknown T2.

UNIT - IV

Liquid flow and pumps: Fully developed laminar flow in a pipe – Turbulent flow – Centrifugal pumps – Retrofitting for centrifugal pumps (Radial-flow) – Pump station control – Pump station piping design. Transient flow in liquid and gas pipelines: Purpose of transient analysis – Theoretical fundamentals and transient solution technique – Applications – Computer applications. Pipeline mechanical design: Codes and standards – Location classification – Pipeline design formula – Expansion and flexibility – Joint design for pipes of unequal wall thickness.

UNIT - V

Materials selection and quality management: Elements of design – Materials designation standards – Quality management. Pipeline construction: Construction – Commissioning. Pipeline protection, Instrumentation, pigging & Operations: Pipeline coating – Cathodic protection – Cathodic protection calculations for land pipelines – Internal corrosion – Flow meters and their calibration – Sensors – Pigs-Pipeline Operations and maintenance.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Pipeline Design and Construction: A Practical Approach, M. Mahitpour, H. Golshan and M.A. Murray, 2nd Edition, ASME Press, 2007.
• 2. Pipeline Engineering, Henry Liu, Lewis Publishers (CRC Press), 2003.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Piping Calculation Manual, E. Shashi Menon, McGraw-Hill, 2004.
• 2. Piping and Pipeline Engineering: Design, Construction, Maintenance Integrity and Repair, George A. Antaki, CRC Press, 2003.
• 3. Pipeline Planning and Construction Field Manual, E. Shashi Menon, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2011.
• 4. Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook, E. W. McAllister, 7th Edition, 2009.
• 5. Liquid Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Mareel Dekker Inc., 2004.
• 6. Gas Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Taylor & Francis, 2005.