JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives

To familiarize the students

• 1. With exploratory and production drilling.
• 2. The factors affecting drilling;
• 3. Various types of the explosives and blasting techniques used in underground.
• 4. Transportation and handling of explosives in opencast mines; use of accessories for blasting in opencast mines.
• 5. Controlled blasting and use of computers and software for blasting in open cast mining.

Course Outcomes

At the end of the course, students will be able to

• 1. Gain knowledge about exploratory/diamond drilling, use of fishing tools.
• 2. Understands various methods of drilling, design and selection of drilling methods under or for different conditions.
• 3. Knowledge about explosives and blasting techniques in underground mines and open cast mines.
• 4. Makes student confident in design of blasting operations in the field.
• 5. Learn about controlled blasting, use of softwares in rock blasting.

UNIT - I

Exploratory Drilling: Drilling for exploration and other purposes; diamond drilling-equipment and principal of operation, its merits, demerits and limitations; core recovery — single, double and triple tube core barrels; wire line drilling; directional drilling; fishing tools; borehole surveying; borehole logging; novel and special drilling techniques, Horizontal and directional drilling.

UNIT - II

Production of Drilling: Various methods and mechanics of drilling -percussive, rotary and rotary percussive. Jack hammer drilling, Top hammer and Down the Hole (DTH) hammer and rotary drills. Drillability: Drillability studies, Factors affecting drilling- operational parameters (like air pressure, thrust, r.p.m., flushing, bit type and bit geometry) and physico-mechanical properties (like strength properties, hardness, abrasivity etc.) design and selection of drills and drill bits; bit wear and reconditioning of drill bits.

UNIT - III

Explosives: Classification and properties of explosives, Types of explosives – Permitted type and their importance, slurry explosives, SMS and PMS, ANFO, Emulsion, boosters. Mechanics of blasting. Accessories and Tools: Accessories- different types of detonators, safety fuses, detonating cords, relays, NONEL, exploders and other shot firing tools, testing of explosives, storage, transportation and handling and destruction of explosives and accessories.

UNIT - IV

Open Pit Blasting: Blasting in opencast mines, blast design, factors influencing blast design and blast optimization, primary and secondary blasting; environmental impacts due to blasting- ground vibrations, air over pressures, fly rocks, dust, fumes, water pollution; controlled blasting, computer design of opencast blast; statutory requirements. Introduction to different blasting and fragmentation analysis softwares.

UNIT - V

Underground Blasting: Drill patterns for underground excavations, solid blasting; VCR blasting, induced blasting, charge ratios, rock fragmentation, dangers associated with underground blasting,

blasting economics, gallery blasting, statutory requirements, computer design of underground blast, precautionary measures, misfires, blown out shot and blasting economics.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Blasting in ground excavations and mines, Roy Piyush Pal, Oxford and IBH, 1st ed 1993.
• 2. Drilling technology handbook, C.P. Chugh, Oxford and IBH, 1sted, 1977.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Rock blasting effect and operation, Roy Piush Pal, A.A. Balkema, 1st ed, 2005.
• 2. Elements of mining technology, Vol-1, D.J. Deshmukh, Central techno, 7th ed, 2001.
• 3. Blasting operations, B. Hemphill Gary, Mc-Graw Hill, 1st ed 1981.
• 4. Principles and practices of modern coal mining, R.D. Singh, New age International, 1st ed, 1977.
• 5. Explosive and blasting practices in mines, S.K. Das, Lovely prakashan, 1st ed, 1993.