JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives:

• 1. To provide the knowledge of sampling of testing of fibres , Yarns and fabrics
• 2. To understand the concept of Moisture relations in Textiles and its importance
• 3. To learn the students to use different instruments for measuring fibre properties
• 4. To learn the working of Trash measuring instruments
• 5. To learn about the concept of Eveness.

Course Outcomes

(Graduate to have)

• 1. An ability to plan the sampling of fibrs, yarns and fabrics in different situations
• 2. An ability to estimate the properties of fibrs and yarns based on the corrected value with necessary Moisture regain
• 3. An ability to select the different instruments to test different types of fibres , Yarns
• 4. An ability to understand the relations between the conditions of testing and substrates in relation to method of Testing and instruments
• 5. An ability to apply the knowledge of trash in cotton fibre while processing in spinning
• 6. An ability to interpret the results of spectrograph.

UNIT - I

Introduction to textile testing and quality control – objectives of testing – Sampling: The random sample, the biased sample, Length and extent biased samples, Squaring technique, Cut squaring, Zoning techniques for raw cotton, Sampling methods for wool- Yarn and Fabric sampling methods – Sampling errors, Sample size.

UNIT - II

Moisture Relations: Significance in Textiles, Role of Moisture in different operations of Textile Processing, Relations between Regain and moisture content, Corrections for regains(Numerical simple examples) Measurement of atmospheric conditions by Wet and dry bulb hygrometer, Hair hygrometer, Factors affecting the regain, Effect of moisture on fibre properties, Moisture testing ovens, Drying oven, CSIRO Direct regain tester, WIRA electrical hygrometer, Shirley moisture meter, Forte electronic moisture content analyzer.

UNIT - III

Fibre length: Significance of Measurement, Cotton fibre length measurement by Fibre sorter methods, Analysis of Sorter diagrams, The Uster Stapler, Shirley Photoelectric model stapler, Fibrograph: Digital Fibrograph (span lengths and their significance),Wool fibre length measurement. Fibre fineness: Significance, Measurement by Gravimetric method, Optical methods , Vibroscope , Air flow methods: Principle ,WIRA Fineness meter for cotton and wool, Sheffield Micronaire. Maturity of cotton : Significance, Maturity ratio, Maturity count and Measurement of maturity of cotton fibres. Relation between Fineness and Meturity.

UNIT - IV

Fibre strength: Measurement by Pressley tester, Stelometer, Scott Clemson tester, Cambridge extensometer. General remarks on fibre strength testing - Non lint content and nep control – Shirley analyzer – Sugar content (Honey dew) analysis – Cavitomic cotton – Staple synthetic fibre tests – Amount of finish and moisture in staple length – Fibre strength and elongation.

UNIT - V

Yarn dimensions: Measurement of yarn count : Warp reel , Knowles balance,– quadrant balance&– Beesley’s yarn balance, Corrections to Yarn Count with respect to Moisture Regain of Cotton

Significance of CSP, CCSP and Corrections to them with respect to Moisture Regain of Cotton .Yarn twist and its importance: Study of various twist Measuring instruments.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Physical Testing Vol.– I & II Angappan, SSMITT Publications Komarapalyam, 2008
• 2. Textile Testing – Arindam Basu, SITRA,2006.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Principles of Textile Testing – J.E.Booth, Butterworths, London – 2007.
• 2. Physical properties of Textile Fibres – W.E. Morton and J.W.S. Hearle, The Textile Institute, Manchester, 2008.