JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objective

The course is designed to impart the knowledge in the field of Pharmaceutical

Analysis. The various modern analytical techniques like UV-Visible, IR, NMR, Mass, GC, HPLC, different chromatographic methods and other important topics are taught to enable the students to understand and apply the principles involved in the determination of different bulk drugs and their formulation. In addition to the theoretical aspects, the basic practical knowledge relevant to the analysis is also imparted.

Course Outcome

The appreciable knowledge will be gained by the students in the Modern

Analytical Techniques and can apply the theories in the Analysis of various bulk drugs and their formulations. The students will also be in a position to apply their knowledge in developing the new methods for the determination and validate the procedures.

UNIT - I

Introduction to chromatography and classification of chromatographic methods based on the mechanism of separation

• a. Column Chromatography: Adsorption and partition, theory, preparation, procedure and methods of detection
• b. Thin Layer Chromatography: Theory, preparation, procedures, detection of compounds
• c. Paper Chromatography: Theory, different techniques employed, filter papers used, qualitative and quantitative detection

UNIT - II

• a. Gas chromatography: Introduction, fundamentals, instrumentation, columns: preparation and operation, detection, derivatization.
• b. HPLC: Basic parameters, Principles and instrumentation, solvents and columns used, Operational modes, detection and applications of HPLC
• c. HPTLC: Theory and principle, instrumentation, elution techniques and pharmaceutical applications

UNIT - III

• a. UV-Visible spectroscopy: Introduction, electromagnetic spectrum, absorbance laws and limitations, instrumentation-design and working principle, chromophore concept, auxochromes, Wood-Fisher rules for calculating absorption maximum, applications of UV-Visible spectroscopy
• b. IR spectroscopy: Basic principles -Molecular vibrations, vibrational frequency, factors influencing vibrational frequencies, sampling techniques, instrumentation, interpretation of spectra, FT-IR, theory and applications

UNIT - IV

Mass spectroscopy: Theory, ionization techniques: electron impact ionization, chemical ionization, field ionization, fast atom bombardment, plasma desorption, fragmentation process: types of fission, resolution, GC/MS, interpretation of spectra and applications for identification and structure determination.

UNIT - V

NMR: Theory, instrumentation, chemical shift, shielding and deshielding effects, splitting of signals, spin-spin coupling, proton exchange reactions, coupling constant(J), nuclear overhauser effect (NOE), CNMR spectra and its applications, 2D-NMR, COSY and applications in pharmacy.

REFERENCES:

• 1. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis by B.K Sharma
• 2. Organic spectroscopy by Y.R Sharma Principles of Instrumental Analysis - Doglas A Skoog, F. James Holler, Timothy A. Nieman, 5th edition, Eastern press, Bangalore, 1998.
• 3. Instrumental methods of analysis – Willards, 7th edition, CBS publishers.
• 4. A Text book of Pharmaceutical Analysis by Kerrenth A. Connors
• 5. Vogel’s Text book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis by A.I. Vogel
• 6. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry by A.H. Beckett and J.B. Stenlake
• 7. Organic Chemistry by I. L. Finar
• 8. Organic spectroscopy by William Kemp
• 9. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs by D. C. Garrett
• 10. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations by P. D. Sethi
• 11. Spectrophotometric identification of Organic Compounds by Silverstein
• 12. HPTLC by P.D. Seth
• 13. Indian Pharmacopoeia 2007
• 14. High Performance thin layer chromatography for the analysis of medicinal plants by Eike Reich, Anne Schibli
• 15. Introduction to instrumental analysis by Robert. D. Braun M.Pharm I Year I Sem (Pharmaceutical Analysis)