JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

UNIT - I

Inviscid Flow of Incompressible Fluids: Lagrangian and Eulerain Descriptions of fluid motion- Path lines, Stream lines, Streak lines, stream tubes – velocity of a fluid particle, types of flows - Stream and Velocity potential functions. Basic Laws of fluid Flow: Potential flow, Condition for irrotationality, circulation & vorticity Accelerations in Carte systems normal and tangential accelerations, Euler’s, Bernouli equations- Dimensional Analysis & Similarity-

UNIT - II

Viscous Flow: Equation of Fluid flow-Continuity & Momentum equation. Derivation of Navier-Stoke’s Equations for viscous compressible flow – Exact solutions to certain simple cases : Plain Poisoulle flow - Coutte flow with and without pressure gradient - Hagen Poisoulle flow.

UNIT - III

Boundary Layer Concepts : External Flow-Prandtl’s contribution to real fluid flows –Blasius solution-Prandtl’s boundary layer theory - Boundary layer thickness for flow over a flat plate – Approximate solutions – Creeping motion (Stokes) – Oseen’s approximation - Von-Karman momentum integral equation for laminar boundary layer –– Expressions for local and mean drag coefficients for different velocity profiles for flow over flat plates-Flow over Blunt objects-Boundary layer development-Drag calculation.

UNIT - IV

Internal Flow: Boundary layer development-Hydrodynamic entry length-Smooth and rough boundaries – Equations for Velocity Distribution and frictional Resistance in smooth rough Pipes – Roughness of Commercial Pipes – Moody’s diagram. Introduction to Turbulent Flow: Fundamental concept of turbulence – Time Averaged Equations – Boundary Layer Equations - Prandtl Mixing Length Model - Universal Velocity Distribution Law: Van Driest Model –Approximate solutions for drag coefficients – More Refined Turbulence Models – k- epsilon model.

UNIT - V

Compressible Fluid Flow – I: Thermodynamic basics – Sonic Velocity – Mach Number - Generalized and simple 1D compressible flows - Development of Equations - Acoustic Velocity Derivation of Equation for Mach Number – Area – Pressure Velocity Relationship Compressible Fluid Flow – II: Nozzles, Diffusers – Isothermal Flow in Long Ducts - Fanno and Releigh Lines, Property Relations –– Normal Compressible Shock, Oblique Shock: Expansion and Compressible Shocks – Supersonic Wave Drag

REFERENCES:

• 1. Fluid Mechanics- Frank M. White-Mc Graw Hill, 8th Edition
• 2. Fluid Mechanics/Potter/Cengage Learning
• 3. Fluid Mechanics – Jog – Cambridge
• 4. Fluid Mechanics-Munson-Wiley
• 5. Fluid Mechanics-Streeter, Wylie, Bedford
• 6. Boundary Layer Theory/ Schlichting H /Springer Publications
• 7. Fluid Mechanics and Machinery/ D. Rama Durgaiah/New Age Publications
• 8. Fluid Dynamics/ William F. Hughes & John A. Brighton/TMH
• 9. Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications – Finnemore & Franzini – McGraw Hill M. Tech – I Year – I Sem. (Thermal Engineering) RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (Professional Elective-I)

UNIT - I

Introduction to renewable energy resources, Energy Scenario, Survey of energy resources. Classification and need for conventional energy resources. Solar Energy: The Sun-sun-Earth relationship, Basic matter to waste heat energy circuit, Solar Radiation, Attention, Radiation measuring instruments. Solar Energy Applications: Solar water heating. Space heating, Active and passive heating. Energy storage. Selective surface. Solar stills and ponds, solar refrigeration, Photovoltaic generation.

UNIT - II

Geothermal Energy: Structure of earth, Geothermal Regions, Hot springs. Hot Rocks, Hot Aquifers. Analytical methods to estimate thermal potential. Harnessing techniques, Electricity generating systems.

UNIT - III

Direct Energy Conversion: Nuclear Fusion: Fusion, Fusion reaction, P-P cycle, Carbon cycle, Deuterium cycle, Condition for controlled fusion, Fuel cells and photovoltaic. Thermionic & thermoelectric generation, MHD generator. Hydrogen Gas as Fuel: Production methods, Fuel condition, Properties, I.C. Engines applications, Utilization strategy, Performances.

UNIT - IV

Bio-energy: Biomass energy sources. Plant productivity, Biomass wastes, aerovic and Anaerobic bioconversion processed, Raw metrical and properties of bio-gas, Bio-gas plant technology and status, the energetics and economics of biomass systems, Biomass gasification

UNIT - V

Wind Energy: Wind, Beaufort number, Characteristics, Wind energy conversion systems, Types, Betz model. Interference factor. Power coefficient, Torque coefficient and Thrust coefficient, Lift machines and Drag machines. Matching, Electricity generation. Energy from Oceans: Tidal energy. Tides. Diurnal and semi-diurnal nature, Power from tides, Wave Energy, Waves, Theoretical energy available. Calculation of period and phase velocity of waves, Wave power systems, Submerged devices. Ocean thermal Energy, Principles, Heat exchangers, Pumping requirements, Practical considerations.

REFERENCES:

• 1. Non-conventional Energy Resources – Khan – McGraw Hill
• 2. Energy Resources Utilization and Technologies – Y Anjaneyulu, Francis T, BS Publications
• 3. Solar Energy – Sukhatme & Nayak – McGraw Hill
• 4. Renewable Energy Resources/ John Twidell & Tony Weir/Taylor & Francis/2nd edition
• 5. Alternative Energy Sources & Systems – Steeby – Cengage Learning
• 6. Energy Resources Utilization & Technologies – Y. Anjaneyulu & T. Francis – BS Publications
• 7. Renewable Energy Resources- Basic Principles and Applications/ G.N. Tiwari and M.K. Ghosal/ Narosa Publications
• 8. Renewable Energy Sourse – Tasneem & S.A. Abbasi - PHI
• 9. .Non-conventional Energy Resourses-Sawhney-PHI M. Tech – I Year –I Sem. (Thermal Engineering)